ResumenVarios autores han descrito variaciones en el calibre de las arterias palmares y dorsales propias de cada dedo, que podrían condicionar el éxito de la cirugía reconstructiva de los dedos, especialmente en lo que respecta al uso de colgajos. El objetivo de este estudio es comparar cualitativamente el tamaño de dichas arterias en cada dedo de la mano. Para ello, se han inyectado con látex seis manos procedentes de cadáveres frescos criopreservados. Los dedos han sido preparados mediante la técnica de transparentación de Spalteholz y una variante de ésta con glicerina.Los resultados obtenidos muestran una predominancia de la arteria digital palmar propia del lado cubital en los dedos índice y medio, y en el lado radial en el dedo meñique. Las únicas arterias digitales dorsales propias visibles han sido las del pulgar y la del lado radial del índice. Pese a la regularidad del patrón vascular descrito, se pueden producir variaciones anatómicas en cualquier dedo, lo que obliga al cirujano a explorar al paciente mediante el test de Allen modificado y la ecografía Doppler previamente a cualquier intervención quirúrgica.
Purpose: This study pretends to describe the innervation pattern of Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus (ECRL) and Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis (ECRB) to use ECRL branches as a first choice in nerve transfers to restore flexion and extension of wrist and fingers due to its easier identification and its redundant innervation.Methods: 9 cryopreserved and anonymous specimens were dissected to identify the radial nerve and describe the number of branches, distance between its origin and a line connecting both epicondyles, length of each branch and type of innervation of ECRL and ECRB according to Taylor’s classification.Results: 6 out of 9 specimens presented two branches from the radial nerve to innervate the ECRL (Taylor type 3). 3 out of 9 specimens only had one branch to innervate the ECRL, originating from the radial nerve (two of them classified as a Taylor type 1 and the other as a Taylor type 2). All the specimens had only one branch to innervate the ECRB (eight showing a Taylor type 1 pattern, and one classified as Taylor Type 2); in 7 out of 9 this branch emerges from the deep branch of the radial nerve, emerging in the other 3 specimens from the superficial branch of the radial nerve.Conclusion: The use of the ECRL branches could be considered as the first choice in nerve transfers to restore the flexion and extension of elbow, wrist and fingers in nerve injuries, because of its constant origin after the brachioradialis branch and in most of the cases its redundant innervation.
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