The interfacial tension of vegetable oil (soybean oil or coconut oil)/ water interface decreased with the increase of cyclodextrin (CD) concentration. The interfacial excess and interfacial area were calculated from the Gibbs' adsorption equation. The average number of CD molecules including a fatty acid residue of soybean oil at the interface was estimated at 2.4 for each of a-CD and S-CD. The average number of CD molecules complexed with a fatty acid residue of coconut oil was 1.8 for a-CD and 1.7 for S-CD. These results suggested that the CD molecules formed the inclusion complex with the triglyceride according to the chain length of fatty acid residue at the interface.
The vapor-phase alkylation of benzene with ethylene over the various metal sulfates supported on the silica-alumina (SA) catalysts has been studied by a flow method under a pressure the SA catalyst showed a relatively higher activity than the SA used as a carrier, and the activity of the metal sulfate as the modifier of SA is in the order of; manganous sulfate>zinc sulfate> chromic sulfate>cupric sulfate. Under the optimum conditions, in which benzene and ethylene were brought to reaction at the molar ratio of 2.5, a LHSV of benzene of 1.2 hr-1, under a presa SA catalyst (the weight ratio of manganese to SA is 1/10), the conversion of ethylene was 56.7% and the selectivity to ethylbenzene and diethylbenzene was 94.0%.
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