BackgroundThe effectiveness of conventional MRI (cMRI)-based radiomics in differentiating glioblastoma (GBM) from solitary brain metastases (SBM) is not satisfactory enough. Therefore, we aimed to develop an integrated radiomics model to improve the performance of differentiating GBM from SBM.MethodsOne hundred patients with solitary brain tumors (50 with GBM, 50 with SBM) were retrospectively enrolled and randomly assigned to the training set (n = 80) or validation set (n = 20). A total of 4,424 radiomic features were obtained from contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging (CE-T1WI) with the contrast-enhancing and peri-enhancing edema region, T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)-derived apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) images. The partial least squares (PLS) regression with fivefold cross-validation is used to analyze the correlation between different radiomic features and different modalities. The cross-validity analysis was performed to judge whether a new principal component or a new feature dimension can significantly improve the final prediction effect. The principal components with effective interpretation in all radiomic features were projected to a low-dimensional space (2D in this study). The effective features of the new projection mapping were then sent to the random forest classifier to predict the results. The performance of differentiating GBM from SBM was compared between the integrated radiomics model and other radiomics models or nonradiomics methods using the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC).ResultsThrough the cross-validity analysis of partial least squares, hundreds of radiomic features were projected into a new two-dimensional space to complete the construction of radiomics model. Compared with the combined radiomics model using DWI + 18F-FDG PET (AUC = 0.93, p = 0.014), cMRI + DWI (AUC = 0.89, p = 0.011), cMRI + 8F-FDG PET (AUC = 0.91, p = 0.015), and single radiomics model using cMRI (AUC = 0.85, p = 0.018), DWI (AUC = 0.84, p = 0.017), and 18F-FDG PET (AUC = 0.85, p = 0.421), the integrated radiomics model (AUC = 0.98) showed more efficient diagnostic performance. The integrated radiomics model (AUC = 0.98) also showed significantly better performance than any single ADC, SUV, or TBR parameter (AUC = 0.57–0.71, p < 0.05). The integrated radiomics model showed better performance in the training (AUC = 0.98) and validation (AUC = 0.93) sets than any other models and methods, demonstrating robustness.ConclusionsWe developed an integrated radiomics model incorporating DWI and 18F-FDG PET, which improved the performance of differentiating GBM from SBM greatly.
BackgroundCyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitor 2A/B (CDKN2A/B) homozygous deletion has been verified as an independent and critical biomarker of negative prognosis and short survival in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)‐mutant astrocytoma. Therefore, noninvasive and accurate discrimination of CDKN2A/B homozygous deletion status is essential for the clinical management of IDH‐mutant astrocytoma patients.PurposeTo develop a noninvasive, robust preoperative model based on MR image features for discriminating CDKN2A/B homozygous deletion status of IDH‐mutant astrocytoma.Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationTwo hundred fifty‐one patients: 107 patients with CDKN2A/B homozygous deletion and 144 patients without CDKN2A/B homozygous deletion.Field Strength/Sequence:3.0 T/1.5 TContrast‐enhanced T1‐weighted spin‐echo inversion recovery sequence (CE‐T1WI) and T2‐weighted fluid‐attenuation spin‐echo inversion recovery sequence (T2FLAIR).AssessmentA total of 1106 radiomics and 1000 deep learning features extracted from CE‐T1WI and T2FLAIR were used to develop models to discriminate the CDKN2A/B homozygous deletion status. Radiomics models, deep learning‐based radiomics (DLR) models and the final integrated model combining radiomics features with deep learning features were developed and compared their preoperative discrimination performance.Statistical TestingPearson chi‐square test and Mann Whitney U test were used for assessing the statistical differences in patients' clinical characteristics. The Delong test compared the statistical differences of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and area under the curve (AUC) of different models. The significance threshold is P < 0.05.ResultsThe final combined model (training AUC = 0.966; validation AUC = 0.935; test group: AUC = 0.943) outperformed the optimal models based on only radiomics or DLR features (training: AUC = 0.916 and 0.952; validation: AUC = 0.886 and 0.912; test group: AUC = 0.862 and 0.902).Data ConclusionWhether based on a single sequence or a combination of two sequences, radiomics and DLR models have achieved promising performance in assessing CDKN2A/B homozygous deletion status. However, the final model combining both deep learning and radiomics features from CE‐T1WI and T2FLAIR outperformed the optimal radiomics or DLR model.Evidence Level4Technical EfficacyStage 2
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