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This paper describes and evaluates recruitment methods used to reach adults with HIV infection and to enroll eligible candidates in a randomized trial of aerobic exercise. Potential participants residing in the metropolitan Washington DC area were recruited from January 1994 to December 1996. The yield and associated cost of clinic centre site-visit (CSV) recruitment are compared to similar outcomes for community-based (CB) recruitment strategies, which consisted of presentations to local groups, mail/phone canvasses of caregivers, neighbourhood network promotion, public site postings and print media notices. Of 833 HIV infected adults ascertained during the recruitment phase as prospective study candidates, 66.7% were initially contacted during CSV recruitment. The remainder, 33.3% were CB recruits. The percentage of screened candidates who were subsequently enrolled in the study was 13.5% for CSV recruitment and 21% for CB recruitment. Ascertainment and screening costs combined were $158 per CB recruit compared to $232 per CSV recruit. Using multiple recruitment approaches we successfully achieved our enrollment goal of at least 100 volunteers from diverse populations by the end of the planned recruitment period.

<h4>ABSTRACT</h4> <P>In the District of Columbia, health education programs are required for all students, yet inner-city elementary public charter schools do not have enough funding to hire nursing personnel in their schools to provide such programs to their students. Therefore, some public charter school administrators partner with community agencies to bring additional cost-free resources to their schools. However, collaborative and partnership activities in DC can be fraught with racial strife. This article describes the partnership between the Georgetown University School of Nursing &amp; Health Studies, the School of Medicine, and select DC elementary schools and presents a specific example of one partnership between the University and an elementary public charter school. The article describes a communication breakdown between the predominately Caucasian nursing and medical students and the predominately African American faculty, staff, and students of the public charter school, with suggestions about how to avoid and overcome such conflicts in the future.</P> <h4>AUTHORS</h4> <P>Received: October 10, 2005</P> <P>Accepted: May 11, 2006</P> <P>Dr. Murphy is Disabilities Counselor, Northern Virginia Community College, Dr. Censullo is Assistant Professor, Georgetown University School of Nursing & Health Studies, Dr. Cameron is Assistant Professor and Director, Service Learning Program, Department of Family Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, and Dr. Baigis is Professor, Georgetown University School of Nursing & Health Studies, Washington, DC.</P> <P>Address correspondence to Judith A. Baigis, PhD, RN, FAAN, Professor, Georgetown University School of Nursing & Health Studies, 3700 Reservoir Road, NW, Washington, DC 20057-1107; e-mail: <a href="mailto:baigisj@georgetown.edu">baigisj@georgetown.edu</a>.</P>

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Nursing work force analysis gives crucial data for administrators, allowing them to anticipate employment opportunities and areas of limited growth. Using an economic model of supply and demand, this study examined the employment and educational needs for nurses. In many areas of data collection, the District of Columbia data paralleled national trends, indicating the nationwide relevance of the conclusions. Projected mismatches between the type of nurses (by educational preparation) entering the work force and the skills required for the job vacancies could lead to increased demand for nurses with certain credentials as well as shortages of nurses in certain types of facilities.

Although nursing studies have described some of the problems that affect HIV-infected people, further research is needed, particularly related to clinical interventions.

School nurses can increase health literacy skills of their students through the effective design and delivery of health messages by following a few straightforward guidelines. This work can be performed both within and outside the health classroom and can have beneficial effects.

This article provides an overview of evidence-based practice (EBP). It will discuss the background of EBP and barriers to using it. The state of HIV nursing research evidence, as well as methods to rate that evidence, will be described. Types of data sources will be identified. The article will conclude with selected clinical applications of EBP.