The advancement of information technology is changing the pattern of radical group propaganda from conventional methods to the ways they use today, namely using the media and cyberspace, or what is also called as cyber-terrorism. The purpose of this study is to discuss the emergence of the currently experienced cyber-terrorism phenomenon. It is normative research through a literature study method by approaching statutes. The results of this study indicate that cyber-terrorism is a part of cybercrime that is qualified as transnational crime which refers to Article 3 of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime. Currently, there are several laws/regulations regarding terrorism at the national, regional and international levels. However, these rules do not specifically regulate new developments in acts of terrorism through cyberspace or what is known as cyber-terrorism.
<p>Relocation of the national capital of Indonesia to the Borneo region is not only fraught with considerations of the socio-economic, political, and physical environment. The safety factor is also a very important aspect because the capital city is the center of gravity of the country. Nusantara, the new capital city, directly faces the Makassar Strait which has been designated as an archipelagic sea lane. An archipelagic sea lane must be subject to the international law of the sea, especially the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) 1982. Foreign voyages and flights have the right of normal mode and continuous passage through archipelagic sea lanes. Therefore, they cannot be blocked. The right of passage is not only granted to merchant ships but also to military ships and even submarines. The extent of the security threat to the capital due to the abovementioned legal regime is analyzed by normative legal research, using a conceptual approach to the legal norms governing the sea lane. This study aims to provide an overview of the legal norms that apply to the Makassar Strait as a consideration in developing a defense and security strategy for the national capital, the archipelago. In conclusion, Nusantara in the Makassar Strait must pay attention to the international law of the sea norms in preparing the defense and security strategy for the new national capital city.</p>
The provision of necessities which were originally purely as a form of social solidarity to the poor or as souvenirs just to fulfill the appropriateness of eastern culture in visiting, when proven effective in gaining votes, became a new mode by candidates in approaching constituents, which such practice is commonly called with the practice of money politics. This research aims to find out and analyze the rationale for the reconstruction of money politics in the general election. The method used in this study is a normative juridical research method with a statute approach and a conceptual approach. The results of this study indicate that the rationale for the reconstruction of money politics in the general election is that giving something in the form of money or goods at the time of the election becomes a close causal relationship between the occurrence of corruption, both pre-gift and post-giving.
Increasingly expanding various actions that have been categorised as contempt of court, which threaten the authority of the court, it is necessary to regulate. The research method used is the normative legal method using statute, case, and conceptual approaches. This research is a legal study based on norms in force related to the contempt of court in existing regulations. The results show that all forms of actions that, in principle, disrupt safety, psychological and physical calm both inside and outside the trial, can be categorized as contempt of court. Although contempt of court has not been regulated clearly and firmly in statutory regulation many events can be classified as contempt of court. The scope of contempt of court in the justice system in Indonesia is very broad. The weighting of criminal sanctions is imposed based on the category of the seriousness of the crime committed by the defendant. Criminal weighting can be given if a crime fulfils special elements. Considering that the criminal justice process takes much time or is complex contempt of court can be used as a factor in increasing criminal sanction by the defendant so that there is no need for a new or separate criminal justice process to be held.
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