Suicidal ideation is one of the strongest predictors of suicide. A large number of studies have illustrated the important effect of impulsivity on suicidal ideation, and behavioral inhibitory control (BIC) is a specific manifestation of impulsivity. The goal of the present study is to evaluate the difference in BIC in response to happy and angry emotions between individuals with or without suicidal ideation to reveal the underlying mechanism of the effect of impulsivity on suicidal ideation when accounting for the effect of emotion. Combining the ERP technique and the two-choice oddball paradigm, a total of 70 college students were recruited to participate in this study. The Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation–Chinese Version was used to identify whether the participants had suicidal ideation. There were 30 participants in the risky-suicidal ideation (SI) group and 19 participants in the non-suicidal ideation (NSI) group. The results showed that the reaction time of the SI group was longer than that of the NSI group for happy emotions. At the electrophysiological level, the P3 amplitude of the NSI group was larger than that of the SI group regardless of the electrode sites and valence, and the P3 component elicited by angry faces was larger than those elicited by happy faces in the SI group. These findings suggest that individuals without suicidal ideation have better BIC, and the SI group has more difficulty controlling their responses to happy emotions than their responses to angry emotions.
Impulsivity, interpersonal problems, and family environment are important factors in the development of suicidal ideation, but the pathway of these factors on suicidal ideation is not clear. This study constructed a moderated mediation model to examine whether interpersonal problems mediated the relationship between impulsivity and suicidal ideation and whether this mediating process was moderated by family environment. For this purpose, 902 college students from Tianjin Normal University located in the north of China were recruited to participate in this study with Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List, Family Environment Scale, and Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation. Impulsivity could significantly predict suicidal ideation, and the relationship between impulsivity and suicidal ideation was significantly mediated by interpersonal problems; furthermore, the mediating effect and the directing effect were significantly moderated by family environment. These findings contribute to our understanding of a comprehensive interpretation of both environmental and individual factors' impacts on suicidal ideation.
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