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Through the adsorption/intercalation of cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) onto/ into graphene oxide (GO) layers, CoPc−GO nanocomposite was prepared via a simple solvent evaporation method driven by the electronic interaction between CoPc and GO. The interaction between GO and CoPc has been studied in detail by various methods. The result suggests that the interaction does not follow a simple donor−acceptor mode, but, instead, it is complicated two-way process including the transfer of electron from the graphitic domain to the adsorbed/intercalated CoPc, and a feedback from the Co ions through the ligand-like attacking of oxygen functional groups of GO to the central cobalt ions. The obtained structural hybrid materials have potential in the electrochemical detection of the compounded medicine.

Drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria as a worldwide health threat calls for valid antimicrobial agents and tactics in clinical practice. Positively charged materials usually achieve antibacteria through binding and disrupting bacterial membranes via electrostatic interaction, however, they also usually cause hemolysis and cytotoxicity. Herein, we engineered negatively charged sulfur quantum dots (SQDs) as an efficient broad-spectrum antibiotic to kill drugresistant bacteria in vitro and in vivo. The SQDs can destroy the bacterial membrane system and affect their metabolism due to the intrinsic antibacterial activity of elemental sulfur and catalytic generation of reactive oxygen species, which exhibit effective therapeutic effect on subcutaneously implanted infection model induced by representative pathogenic Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Plus, the negatively charged surface makes the SQDs have excellent hemocompatibility and low toxicity, which all highlight the critical prospect of the SQDs as a potent biocompatible antibacterial agent in clinical infection therapy.