Purpose: The location of actors and production, transformation, commercialization and distribution facilities generate the configuration of the perishable food supply chain (PFSC). The logistics network design (LND) lead to different supply, storage and distribution environments and result in flows, these logistics operations have an impact on the performance of the chain of fresh agricultural products. Specifically, in the PFSC with seasonality, a temporary imbalance between supply and demand is generated, which affects the balance in the flows and affects the losses, costs and response capacity. This research study that problem.Design/methodology/approach: A multi-echelon, multi-objective and multi-product model is established that determines the configuration of the logistics network of the PFSC with seasonally and allows actors to approach efficiency frontiers, which contribute to their permanence in the markets. The model was applied to the case of the perishable fruit supply chain, in a developing country, Colombia. The population information was taken from government surveys and studies, which allowed parameterizing the model.Findings: The application of model permitted to answer the next questions: How does improve the performance from PFSC through logistics network design? And, How the existence of smallholdings in food production and from retail merchants is preserved? In the perishable food supply chain.Social implications: Where the perishable food supply chain actors are located in non-efficient borders and their sustainability may be affected by competition factors, the stakeholders should focus on increasing food availability and reducing losses to improve access and therefore food security.Originality/value: A new model for the logistics network configurations of seasonal perishable fruit supply chain was development, the optimizing from five objectives with two sub-models is obtained, one for surplus and the other for the deficit moments. The model includes real conditions, such as, fruit loss due T0 and RH by different thermal floors and the means used for the transport of fruits in mountain areas at countries in route of development. The impact over the small producers, retailers and consumers in the times of scarcity or surplus was analyzed.

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The supply chains of perishable food (PFSC) fresh, present imbalances between supply and demand, in times of supply deficit is necessary to guarantee the food security through the availability, the access and other pillars. In the PFSC losses are highest, whereby the delivery times must be low to guarantee the availability. For the access, must be include the largest number of retailed storekeepers, thus monopolies from large hypermarkets are avoided. In this context, the modeling In PFSC presents big challenges such as the inclusion of delivery times, losses and fresh food biophysical specific conditions which depend of the transport time and storage, the configuration and the number of echelons on the PFSC. In this article, a multiobjective, multiproduct and multi-echelon for perishable food logistics networks design mixed linear programming model is presented. The model allows determining the best configuration so that the different actors of the PFSC, so that could move closer to more efficient borders. The model considers the losses in perishable food derived from the impacts caused by changes in temperature (T°) and relative humidity (RH), on a mountainous environment of developing countries. It is solved in AMPL through e-constrains method. The model is applied in a case study around the perishable fruit supply chains (PFrSC). The information to the model parameterization was obtained through surveys done to the actors of the different echelons of PFrSC during a 4-year period that were complemented with secondary information from public and private enterprises.

En el contexto actual es importante que el ruteo de buses escolares (SBRP) además de la eficiencia aborde también las dimensiones social y ambiental, para garantizar soluciones sostenibles. La dimensión ambiental ha sido abordada ampliamente en el VRP, sin embargo, el SBRP no ha contado con la misma suerte, a pesar de que existen estudios sobre la relación entre los problemas ambientales en el trasporte escolar y salud de los niños, no obstante, no se encuentran trabajos que aborden la dimensión ambiental en el ruteo de buses escolares, en tal sentido este artículo aborda el SBRP con consideraciones ambientales. Se formula un modelo matemático que minimiza el consumo de combustible, que se calcula en función de la distancia recorrida, el peso de los vehículos y el de los estudiantes. El modelo es resuelto de manera óptima para instancias pequeñas, y para instancias de mayor tamaño se emplea un algoritmo basado en Búsqueda Tabú Granular. La solución inicial es generada por el algoritmo de ahorros. Se evalúa el rendimiento del algoritmo comparando los tiempos y valores de función objetivo con respecto al método exacto, la meta heurística generó soluciones 99,96% en promedio más rápido que el método exacto y generó soluciones con valor de función objetivo alejado en promedio 13,98% de las del método exacto. En este trabajo se hace una extensión al SBRP, adicionando la dimensión ambiental, aproximado el consumo de combustible en función de la distancia y el peso.

<p>The cellular manufacturing technique is widely used in many industries. This research proposes an alternative to design and balance a cellular manufacturing system of an assembly company, with the purpose to obtain an optimal configuration under different criteria such as Process, Total Cost, Idle Time and Reliability. The methodology consists in: I) To obtain candidate solutions using optimization models where the objectives are to minimize Cycle Time and Total Cost II) To find the performance measures of each candidate solution using discrete-event simulation III) To choose the optimal configuration using the multi-criteria decision analysis ANP. The best configuration was found to have the bottleneck in the starting, a smoothness index in 0, the highest Reliability and Idle Time of 0%, although it was not the solution with the lower cost.</p>