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This article supports a holistic interpretation of Marxian thought to argue the existence of socio-historical, objectives and tendential laws of motion governing the reproduction of the system. In particular, it highlights the place of the law of the tendency of the rate of profit to fall in the analysis of the reproduction of capitalism, and therefore the theory of crisis, as crises arise from the inner logic of capital. While holistic and emphasizing the objective aspects, this approach is not deterministic, nor does it fall into the indeterminacy of the overdetermination approach.
Este artículo analiza las explicaciones de la crisis económica que estalla en 2007-08, conocida como la Gran Recesión, llevadas a cabo por autores pertenecientes a una serie de corrientes de carácter heterodoxo, como la [neo] marxista, postkeynesiana y radical. El propósito será esclarecer si se posee una teoría de la posibilidad o necesidad de la crisis, ya que constituye un elemento importante respecto del carácter y alcance de la teoría económica de la dinámica capitalista. Para ello se va a caracterizar el conjunto de explicaciones a partir del papel de las finanzas, la distribución del ingreso (y la demanda), la política económica (neoliberal), la (sobre) producción y la evolución de la tasa de ganancia. Se concluye que, salvo excepciones, las corrientes heterodoxas sustentan una concepción de la crisis como mera posibilidad.
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