Diagnosis of duodenal and pancreatic injuries is frequently delayed, and optimal treatment is often controversial. Fourteen children with duodenal and/or pancreatic injuries secondary to blunt trauma were treated between 1980 and 1997. The pancreas was injured in all but 1 child. An associated duodenal injury was present in 4. The preoperative diagnosis was suspected in only 6 patients based on clinical signs and ultrasonography. One patient was treated successfully conservatively; all the others required surgical management. At operation, three procedures were used: peripancreatic drainage, suture of the gland or duodenum with drainage, and primary distal pancreatic resection without splenectomy. A duodenal resection with reconstruction by duodeno-duodenostomy was performed in 1 case. The overall complication rate was 14%: 1 fistula and 1 pseudocyst. Pancreatic ductal transection was recognized 3 days after the initial laparotomy by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). The mortality was 7%; 1 patient died from septic and neurologic complications. When the diagnosis of pancreatic ductal injuries is a major problem, ERCP may be a useful diagnostic procedure. Pancreatic injuries without a transected duct may often be treated conservatively. The surgical or conservative management of duodenal hematomas is still controversial; other duodenal injuries often need surgical treatment.

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Objetivo: Identificar qué conocimiento tienen los jóvenes de la educación básica de los grados sextos a octavo sobre las finanzas personales, concretamente, en el manejo del dinero y el ahorro. Método: Se adelantó una investigación de campo, de corte descriptivo, con un diseño no experimental, transversal. Para la población se consideraron 96 estudiantes de colegios de los municipios de la provincia de Pamplona. Con una muestra aleatoria de 96 jóvenes de colegios rurales de educación básica. El análisis se realizó en el segundo semestre del año 2016.  Resultados: Se resalta que aunque son niños y jóvenes, la mayoría de estratos 1 y 2, que viven en las veredas de los municipios aledaños de la provincia de Pamplona, manejan el dinero en su vida diaria y hacen uso de él, lo que permite establecer que no tienen una idea vaga de las finanzas personales, y que aun cuando no manejan los términos sí tienen claro qué es el manejo del dinero y la cultura del ahorro en la medida de sus proporciones. Discusiones: El análisis de los resultados indica que aunque en los colegios no se den nociones sobre esta materia, enseñar desde temprana edad conceptos como el ahorro y el crédito puede redundar en un claro beneficio para la vida adulta. Conclusiones: La realización de este proyecto permitió una grata experiencia al trabajar con los niños y jóvenes de los colegios de los grados sexto, séptimo y octavo de las diferentes comunidades de la provincia cercana al municipio de Pamplona (Norte de Santander, Colombia), acercando a la Universidad con la región.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of acute renal failure secondary to rhabdomyolysis (ARFSR) as a complication of major urological surgery (MUS), as well as to describe the clinical characteristics and identify possible risk and protective factors. Subjects and Methods: Cases of ARFSR due to MUS between January 1997 and August 2011 were identified using the institutional database. The incidence was estimated and the clinical characteristics were analyzed using simple scatterplot graphs to identify possible risk and protective factors. Results: In this period, 14,337 MUS procedures were performed, in which 4 cases suffered from ARFSR (the incidence rate was 0.03%). The incidence rates after radical cystectomy and urethroplasty were 0.26% (3/1,175 cases) and 0.15% (1/651 cases), respectively. No case of rhabdomyolysis was reported among the patients who underwent other major surgical procedures. Two patients required dialysis, and all 4 patients recovered to their baseline renal function at an average of 11 days (7-17) with the appropriate treatment. Male gender, younger age, lower ASA score, prolonged operative time, high body mass index, elevated preoperative serum creatinine and estimated blood loss were possible risk factors for developing ARFSR due to MUS. We found that a higher intraoperative administered volume was a possible protective factor. The operative position and type of surgery seemed to play minor roles. Early diagnosis and treatment possibly leads to an improved outcome. Conclusion: In our study, ARFSR due to MUS was a rare entity and had a good prognosis. It was more frequent as a complication of radical cystectomy. Further studies are required to confirm our findings.