This paper focuses on the analysis of the ways which areas of collective use were created and claimed in the Middle Ages, through the case of the devasos of Ciudad Rodrigo. They were lands used preferentially to the grazing of cattle and to the collection of firewood; the inhabitants of the town of Ciudad Rodrigo as well as the neighbours of the villages that surrounded those areas had rights of entitlement to access. The means of claiming communal rights over those spaces between eleventh and fifteenth centuries have been studied thanks to a combination of archaeological record and written sources. The main hypothesis is the use of a claiming strategy based on sacralisation. First, burials linked the territory to the ancestors during early Middle Ages, and after the construction of buildings with religious functions, small churches that were not parishes, would have been a key to preserve the commons. Those politics of the sacred coexisted with the progressive identification of the devasos as properties of the council as a result of the affirmation of the power of the town of Ciudad Rodrigo.
Resumen:Ofrecemos en este documento un breve recorrido por la técnica y la historia de la baldosa hidráulica en su versión más decorativa: el mosaico hidráulico y el panot hexagonal de Gaudí. El objetivo es, por un lado, hacer hincapié en la necesidad e importancia de estos estudios dedicados a la arqueología industrial y etnografía urbana de los últimos dos siglos. Por otro, y, en consecuencía de lo enunciado, hablaremos aquí de la imitación del panot hexagonal diseñado originalmente por Gaudí utilizado en un conocido hotel de la provicia de Salamanca. Palabras claves: Arqueología industrial. Antoni Gaudí. Baldosa hidráulica. Etnografía urbana. Salamanca. Abstract:We offer in this paper a brief tour to the art and technique of the hydraulic tile in its most decorative version: hidraulic mosaics and the hexagonal tile of Gaudí. The aim is -in one hand-to emphasize the concept of industrial archeology to promote all this products wich have being manufacturated in the last two centuries. In other hand, we will identificate here as an imitation of that hexagonal Gaudi's tiles used for outdoor decoration in a popular hotel in the province of Salamanca.
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