El objetivo del trabajo es identificar vertientes analíticas para ubicar a los varones en los procesos de salud reproductiva. Se propone cuestionar la interpretación que los identifica solamente como actores que pueden apoyar mejorías en la salud de las mujeres y de los hijos. Es reciente la inquietud por redimensionar su papel, como seres que se reproducen y enfrentan riesgos en su aparato, comportamiento y proceso reproductivos. Una posibilidad para explicitar la presencia de los varones en dichos procesos es identificar cuáles son sus ausencias y presencias que condicionan las consecuencias favorables o no para las mujeres y los hijos. Se trata de ver de qué manera dificultan o contribuyen a mejorar las condiciones de la morbimortalidad materna. Una segunda posibilidad es incursionar en el carácter relacional, social y potencialmente conflictivo de la reproducción "sexualizada". Implica replantear el análisis de la reproducción como un proceso relacional y no como eventos aislados de hombres y mujeres, al mismo tiempo que recuperar la especificidad de unos y de otras. Se utiliza la perspectiva de género con el fin de imaginar los procesos sin negar la dimensión del poder. Así, se replantean la sexualidad, la reproducción y la salud en términos de interacción, con el fin de construir referencias más claras respecto a la población masculina.

Vulnerability is a concept associated with the effects of social inequities to access health care services. On a hospital level, vulnerable populations must be identified and favored over others. The aims of this study were the analysis of the conceptions and practices of social workers regarding vulnerable patients, and the identification of theoretical elements of vulnerability given by academics. Hospital ethnography and a focus group were implemented. Social workers related vulnerability to the social needs of each patient; however, they state that they have dilemmas to identify a person in a vulnerable condition; these dilemmas are related to social differences and deservingness. Academics indicated that the vulnerability should refer to the lack of access to health services offered by the institution. Academics agree with social workers regarding the importance of considering the overlapped social and individual circumstances in each patient to recognize their vulnerable condition, regardless of belonging to any of the pre-established vulnerable groups. Finally, taking into account the way of conceptualizing vulnerability and how public policy on the identification of vulnerable patients in the hospital has been implemented, these two elements are explained using the palimpsest model, which is a figure of thought that can be applied to analyze the sociocultural significance of this complex issue, as well as other social dynamics.

Universidad de Santander. Este es un artículo de acceso abierto, distribuido bajo los términos de la licencia Creative CommonsAttribution , que permite el uso ilimitado, distribución y reproducción en cualquier medio, siempre que el autor original y la fuente sean debidamente citados. Mendoza-Catalán G, Gallegos-Cabriales EC, Figueroa-Perea JG. Autopsia verbal en hombres adultos con diabetes tipo 2: estudio cualitativo. Rev Cuid. 2017; 8(3): 1786-98. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v8i3.420 Resumen Introducción: La diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DMT2) es un padecimiento crónico cuya incidencia se incrementa en forma alarmante. El objetivo fue identificar los factores asociados al no autocuidado en hombres con muerte prematura y diagnóstico de DMT2. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizaron seis entrevistas cualitativas a familiares de hombres con DMT2 que fallecieron por complicaciones de su enfermedad, utilizando la metodología de la autopsia verbal. Los resultados se analizaron mediante el análisis de contenido. Resultados: Dentro de los factores que surgieron como limitantes para el autocuidado fueron: la negación de la DMT2, el trabajo, el machismo, preferencia en los alimentos, apoyo familiar, el consumo de alcohol, el consumo de tabaco y la depresión. Discusión: Los hombres con DMT2 se ven influenciados por diversas circunstancias que limitan cuidarse, atenderse y por consiguiente presentar desventajas de salud, complicaciones e incluso una muerte temprana. Conclusiones: Desde la perspectiva de enfermería los resultados ayudan a comprender el comportamiento de los hombres ante esta enfermedad en donde se requiere cuidado constante, a la par que una conciencia legítima de que no se deja de ser hombre por cuidarse. Palabras clave: Narración; Mortalidad; Hombres; Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2; Enfermería. Abstract Introduction: Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2) is a chronic disease whose incidence increases in alarming manner. The objective was to identify the factors associated to no self-care in men with premature death and diagnosis of DMT2. Materials and Methods: Six qualitative interviews, using the verbal autopsy methodology, were conducted with relatives of men with DMT2 who died due to complications of their disease. The results were analyzed through content analysis. Results: Denial of the DMT2, work, male chauvinism, food preference, family support, alcohol consumption, smoking, and depression were among the factors the participants suggested as limiting self-care. Discussion: Men with DMT2 are influenced by diverse circumstances that limit caring for themselves and, consequently, presenting health disadvantages, complications, and even an early death. Conclusions: From the nursing perspective, the results help to understand the behavior of the men regarding this disease, which requires constant care, while gaining a legitimate awareness that self-care does not threaten their manhood. Cómo citar este artículo:

The perception of risk has been a key element in the experiences, containment and differential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide. The complexity of this phenomenon requires the interdisciplinary integration of theoretical and methodological aspects, as this integration informs the objective of developing a mathematical proposal based on a conceptual model located within the social theory of risk at the micro-social level. The mathematical risk model used here was developed from a secondary analysis of a study of 12,649 individuals on the experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic in a population in which the quantity and quality of the information made it possible to define a risk factor and its relationship to emotions and the sources of information used. Four sequential strategies were used to construct the model: choosing the variables for the questionnaire that theoretically corresponded to the conceptual model, constructing the risk vector and initial grouping of individuals by perception of risk, modeling by using principal component analysis and applying network methods. The theoretical model of risk, proposed and constructed through the analysis of groupings by quartiles and by networks in the studied population from a social and mathematical perspective, demonstrates the heterogeneity of risk perception as manifested by differences in perception by age, gender, expression of feelings and media consulted in a university community. The knowledge and methodology generated in these analyses contribute to the body of knowledge informing the response to future epidemiological contingencies.

Psychological, cultural, social, and institutional barriers exist in the access and utilization of BCE. Identifying these barriers and their origins could support the development of actions to improve the physician-patient relationship. The English version of this paper is available at: http://www.insp.mx/salud/index.html.