In this investigation, two alternatives to improve a pilot plant for the integral use of oranges were evaluated from the exergetic point of view. The case study was based on information provided by the project "Integrated Evaluation with Sustainability Criteria, of the Process of Extraction by Steam Drag of Essential Oil from Orange Peel (Citrus Sinensis) of the Valleys of the Province of Arequipa, in the Perspective of its Commercial Use”, in which the improvement of the pilot plant was recommended. In the best scenario (using two preheaters), there was a greater decrease in the exergy destroyed both in the plant and in the equipment associated with the stages of the process, and an even greater decrease in fuel consumption. As a complement to this research, a thermoeconomic analysis was carried out in order to establish the effects of the proposed plant configurations on exergetic costs.
This paper is about the development of a computational method to determinate the energy generation potential from residual biomass gasification, in function of the variables and working conditions as the equivalence ratio (ER), and the elemental composition of the biomass, using air as gasifying agent; and by this way promote the generation of low cost energy, whether it be electrical or mechanical energy in order to take advantage of products which normally have no value added. This method was developed using the simulation software of chemical and thermodynamic processes Aspen HYSYS®, this software has a large number of components and the possibility of evaluating their physicochemical properties, along with the equations of state of Peng-Robinson which allow you to define the properties of different fluids with a low error range. The energy generation potential was evaluated with 5 different biomasses commonly generated by agroindustry in Córdoba-Colombia (Rice husk, sesame stalks, cotton waste, corncobs and coconut fiber) by a modeling of the kinetics of the reactions, where a combination between the reaction mechanisms in function of the Gibbs free energy and reactors, whose yields have been programmed from statistical regressions obtained from other reference, was carried out, and thus simulate the gasification process at 1000 ° C and an ER between 0.21–0.3, getting in this way a synthesis gas with heating values of around 6 (MJ /Nm3) and efficiencies of around 60%.
This research is based on obtaining a mathematical model to determine the efficiency of generating a generator coupled to a biomass gasification process. To do this, it is initially simulated internal combustion engine at the Aspen hysys® licensed software, in order to obtain the shaft work and a representative model of the generation efficiency of the motor; according to the characteristics of the power cycle and product gas from the gasification of agricultural biomass prevailing in the Department of Córdoba – Colombia: Cotton waste (Gossypium hirsutum), Rice husk (Oryza sativa), Sesame stalk (Sesamum indicum), Corn cob (Zea mays) and Coconut fiber (Cocos nucifera). Subsequently, the generator efficiency is evaluated by the electric power generation simulation phase in the Simulink Toolbox of the MATLAB® software. The deterministic mathematical models resulting from the simulations above are adjusted by statistical techniques to experimental data and a regression model that assesses the overall system efficiency is obtained. Such efficiencies range from 16 to 20%. Therefore it is concluded that the use of representative crops biomass product’s calorific values in the Department of Córdoba -Colombia, are profitable for electric power generation. On the other hand, it is important to note that experimental data’s reliable and monitored way acquisition was performed through the SCADA developing; it allowed real time process variables’ intervention presentation.
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