The effects of straws volume, cryoprotectants and thawing temperatures were evaluated on the sperm quality of cachama blanca Piaractus brachypomus (Cuvier), an important Colombian fish species. Sexually mature fish were induced to ovulation or spermiation with a carp pituitary extract. A pool of suitable sperm samples was diluted in glucose, egg yolk, dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO‐10%), methanol (MET‐10%) or ethylene glycol (ETG‐5%) and packed in 0.5, 2.5 or 5.0 mL straws and frozen in nitrogen vapour. The thawing process was performed in a 35 or an 80 °C water bath. The fertility was evaluated after 6 h post fertilization. The highest motility percentage (33 ± 3%) was observed with sperm cryopreserved with DMSO, packed in 5 mL straws and thawed at 35 °C. The treatments with DMSO and MET packed in 0.5 and 5.0 mL straws and thawed at 35 °C showed the highest fertility (higher than 71%) and the lowest fertility was obtained with MET‐2.5 mL (9 ± 5%). In all the treatments, a significant decrease in the sperm quality was observed at 80 °C. Sperm cryopreserved with DMSO‐10% or MET‐10%, packed in 2.5 or 5.0 mL straws are suitable to achieve acceptable fertilization and to fertilize high amounts of eggs.

RESUMENObjetivo. Determinar la variación de la calidad, el contenido iónico y la osmolaridad del plasma seminal de Pseudoplatystoma metaense durante la estación reproductiva. Materiales y métodos. Se utilizaron machos sexualmente maduros durante un periodo reproductivo (marzo a agosto). La espermiación fue inducida con Extracto de Hipófisis de Carpa (4 mg/kg). Se evaluó el volumen (mL), movilidad masal (%), tiempo de activación (sg), espermatocrito (%); concentración espermática (10 6 sptz/µL) y viabilidad (%). También fue determinada la movilidad (%) y velocidad individual por medio de un Sistema de Análisis Espermático Asistido por Computador (CASA). La osmolaridad (mOsm/Kg) y la concentración de iones (Na + , Cl + , K + y Mg 2+ ) y glucosa fue determinada en plasma seminal obtenido por centrifugación del semen a 14.000 g. La concentración de iones y glucosa fue establecida a través de un sistema de reflectancia. Resultados. El semen de Pseudoplatystoma metaense presentó una movilidad masal mayor al 90%, con el menor valor de movilidad progresiva lineal rápida para el mes de abril (34.9±9.0%) y en general valores de espermatozoides inmóviles menores al 10%. El plasma seminal mostró una osmolaridad de 259.3± 3.5 mOsm/Kg, con una concentración promedio de glucosa e iones Na + , Cl + , K + y Mg 2+ de 142.7±2.8, 118±2.2, 4.8±0.4 y 0.33±0.0 mmol/L, respectivamente, durante la época reproductiva. Conclusiones. La calidad seminal de bagre rayado no presentó variaciones en la estación reproductiva mostrando una alta calidad para los procesos de fecundación.

Feeding habits of Leporinus friderici (Anostomidae: Teleostei) during a hydrobiological cycle in Vaupés River, Colombia. The most important fish species of the Vaupes river is known as a Warakú tres puntos (Leporinus friderici), the most representative migratory Characidae from the Vaupés state, Colombia, with a significant importance in food security of indigenous communities. To contribute with the knowledge of its basic biology, we determined the habits and food preferences of Leporinus friderici, during one hydrobiological cycle (March 2014 to May 2015 in the Vaupés river, Colombia. Three sites were sampled, two of them along the Vaupés river (Yacayacá and Santa Cruz communities) and the other one in the Cuduyarí river, tributary of the Vaupés river (Piracemo community). Physical and chemical water parameters from the surface and depth level of the river were determined. Stomach contents from 316 fish were analyzed by frequency of occurrence (FO), gravimetric index, vacuity index (VI) and relative importance index (RII). Vaupés's average depth in ascending water period was of 3.7 ± 0.6 m, during rainy season of 5.9 ± 1.4 m, in descending water period of 4.6 ± 1.3 m and during dry season of 2.4 ± 1.0 m. The higher acidity and turbidity were observed during the ascending water period. The average VI was 14.5 % for the period, but it reached 40 % in descending waters. In general, a FO of plant material was the most frequent (44.4-66.7 %), followed by insects (21.1-33.3 %, secondary diets). The gravimetric indices showed that plant material was the most consumed item, followed by insects, and in almost in equal proportion, invertebrates and animal material. The differences in diet composition confirm the opportunistic nature of this species with a predominance of omnivorous habits. This study can be used as an integral part of the feeding ecology of L. friderici knowledge, in order to develop strategies for its protection in the Vaupés region because of its importance for local communities. Rev. Biol. Trop. 65 (2): 827-842. Epub 2017 June 01.

ARTÍCULO ORIGINAL/ORIGINAL ARTICLE Efecto del nivel de proteína sobre el crecimiento del yaque Leiarius marmoratus (Gill, 1870) bajo condiciones de cultivo Effect of protein level on growth of yaque Leiarius marmoratus (Gill, 1870) under farming conditions Efeito do nível de proteína no crescimento do yaque Leiarius marmoratus (Gill, 1870), sob condições de cultivo

No abstract

Bromatological parameters in 39 Warakú verdadero (Leporinus agassizi) and 21 Warakú pinima (Leporinus fasciatus) fillets were analyzed at three different sites of the Vaupés River, Colombia sampled during a hydrobiological cycle. The bromatological parameters did not shown significant differences in relation to the sites and season of capture. At point 3 and during the descending water season, Leporinus agassizi had the highest values for dry matter (25.24%), protein (19.82%) and ash (2.16%). The highest lipid value for this species was found in low waters at point 1 (2.93%). Leporinus fasciatus showed the highest levels of dry matter (25.19%) and ash (2.16%) at point 3 during ascendant and high waters, respectively. The bromatological parameters tends to vary regarding the time of year. It was possible to determined that these fish species have great potential for continental aquaculture thus constituting a healthy food model.

No abstract

No abstract