The increase in the number of hydrogen (H 2 ) fuel cell vehicles necessitates the swift installation of requisite infrastructure such as H 2 refueling stations (HRSs). However, the use and storage of high-pressure gaseous H 2 in conventional HRSs limits inventory and poses safety risks. In this regard, ammonia (NH 3 ) is a potential solution as an H 2 carrier with high storage capacity that can be stored as a liquid. However, NH 3 is toxic and accidental exposure to it is fatal for humans. Therefore, this study aims to develop a process and safety design for HRSs using NH 3 as the H 2 carrier. The operation of ammoniaderived H 2 refueling stations comprises dehydrogenation and refueling processes, for which quantitative risk assessment was performed based on process design data. Consequently, it was determined that NH 3 leakage from the storage tank was the dominant accident scenario and that the associated risk exceeded the acceptable risk criteria. Therefore, we proposed a risk mitigation strategy that involves installing a dike to guarantee safe design and operation.