This paper presents the connection between the heavy metals concentration in soil and their bioaccumulation in lettuce. Lettuce is a very good bioaccumulator of heavy metals and nutrients. In general, plants manifest a certain reaction to increasing the toxic metal concentrations in soil which they are cultivated on. The differences depend on plants sensitivity, and time exposure intensity (concentration of heavy metals, cultivation length, etc.), presence or absence of nutrients and other chemical species in soil. Lead, cadmium, zinc and cooper, in some concentrations are toxic for plants, reducing their development. Through the tests presented in this paper the transfer of heavy metals in plants cultivated on a polluted soil in the presence or absence of N, P, K nutrients, was especially followed.

Hydrolysis of fatty acid esters in subcritical waterHydrolysis of esters of higher fatty acids by subcritical water, performed in a flowthrough tubular reactor, was investigated at temperatures from 280 up to 340 7C and pressures exceeding 12 MPa, using an ester/water ratio of 1 : 2 or 1 : 4 (vol/vol). The kinetics of the hydrolysis of both the triacylglycerols and the methyl esters obeyed the rate equation valid for first-order reactions. Conversion of the esters to free fatty acids exceeding 95% was reached at the temperature of 340 7C during 12 min. IR spectroscopy revealed structural changes in the chains of the unsaturated fatty acids and their partial polymerization during the hydrolysis.

The paper presents the objectives of the project "Energy Recovery from Municipal Solid Waste by Thermal Conversion Technologies in Cross-border Region " funded by Hungary - Slovakia - Romania - Ukraine ENI CBC Programme 2014-2020. Through collaboration of the three researchers groups from Romania, Ukraine and Slovakia will be elaborate technical proposals for the thermal treatment methods of MSW and strategies of MSW thermal treatment for the all 3 regions (Maramures, Ivano-Frankivsk, Prešovský).

Pastes of granulated blast furnace slag and zeolitic tuffat different mass ratios were activated with alkali solution (sodium silicate) at lower alkalinity with modulus Ms= %SiO2 /%Na2O = 2 . The heavy metals contained in slag are immobilized into geopolymer matrix of composite material, so obtained and thus significantly reduces the risk of environment contamination. Granulated lead furnace slag, zeolitic tuff, sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate were used as starting materials. Binder of 50% slag developed the highest among all slag based geopolymeric pastes whose compressive strength are 42 MPa. As a result, the cement containing 50% slag that is synthesized at curing (600 C for 12 h), exhibited higher mechanical strength and SEM observation shows that it is possible to have localized of (C-S-H) geopolymeric gel. Pastes of granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) and zeolitic tuff(BZ) in mixture developed stable microstructures with high compressive strengths, and the toxic metals (Pb, Zn, Cd) from slag were locked into the geopolymeric matrix.