The reovirus attachment protein, 1, is responsible for strain-specific patterns of viral tropism in the murine central nervous system and receptor binding on cultured cells. The 1 protein consists of a fibrous tail domain proximal to the virion surface and a virion-distal globular head domain. To better understand mechanisms of reovirus attachment to cells, we conducted studies to identify the region of 1 that binds cell surface carbohydrate. Chimeric and truncated 1 proteins derived from prototype reovirus strains type 1 Lang (T1L) and type 3 Dearing (T3D) were expressed in insect cells by using a baculovirus vector. Assessment of expressed protein susceptibility to proteolytic cleavage, binding to anti-1 antibodies, and oligomerization indicates that the chimeric and truncated 1 proteins are properly folded. To assess carbohydrate binding, recombinant 1 proteins were tested for the capacity to agglutinate mammalian erythrocytes and to bind sialic acid presented on glycophorin, the cell surface molecule bound by type 3 reovirus on human erythrocytes. Using a panel of two wild-type and ten chimeric and truncated 1 proteins, the sialic acid-binding domain of type 3 1 was mapped to a region of sequence proposed to form the more amino terminal of two predicted -sheet structures in the tail. This unit corresponds to morphologic region T(iii) observed in computer-processed electron micrographs of 1 protein purified from virions. In contrast, the homologous region of T1L 1 sequence was not implicated in carbohydrate binding; rather, sequences in the distal portion of the tail known as the neck were required.Results of these studies demonstrate that a functional receptor-binding domain, which uses sialic acid as its ligand, is contained within morphologic region T(iii) of the type 3 1 tail. Furthermore, our findings indicate that T1L and T3D 1 proteins contain different arrangements of receptor-binding domains.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.