Recent advances in wireless communication technologies and auto-mobile industry have triggered a significant research interest in the field of VANETs over the past few years. Vehicular Network consists of vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications supported by wireless access technologies such as IEEE 802.11p. This innovation in wireless communication has been envisaged to improve road safety and motor traffic efficiency in near future through the development of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS). Hence, government, auto-mobile industries and academia are heavily partnering through several ongoing research projects to establish standards for VANETs. The typical set of VANET application areas, such as vehicle collision warning and traffic information dissemination have made VANET an interesting field of mobile wireless communication. This paper provides an overview on current research state, challenges, potentials of VANETs as well the ways forward to achieving the long awaited ITS.Keywords: Vehicular communication, V2V, V2I, ITS, IEEE 802.11p, WAVE, IEEE 1609. IntroductionRoad accidents has been on an alarming increase despite the introduction of several innovative in-vehicle safety-oriented devices such as anti-locking braking system (ABS), seatbelts, airbags, rear-view cameras, electronic stability control (ESC). Several studies have maintained that 60% of the accidents that occur on motorways could be avoided if warning messages were provided to the drivers just few seconds prior to moment of crash [1] [2].The possibility of direct exchange of kinematic data between vehicles over an ad-hoc network environment called a vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) has been widely perceived by governments, car manufacturing industries and academia as a promising concept for future realization of intelligent transportation system (ITS) thereby achieving safety and efficiency in our nearly overcrowded motorways. The VANET is a sub-class of MANET where the mobile nodes are vehicles. When compared with Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) and other cellular systems, inter-vehicle communication (IVC) has four major advantages: broad coverage area, relatively low latency due to direct wireless communication, little or no power issue as well as no service fees.In the recent years, car manufacturing industries, academia and government agencies have started putting much joint efforts together towards realizing the concept of vehicular communications in wide scale. Some frameworks are already worked out with the first landmark of standardization processes made by US Federal Communications Communication (FCC) [15] adopted an amendment of the legacy IEEE wireless LAN standard done by an IEEE Task Group (TG). The amendment is denoted by IEEE 802.11p as the platform for Wireless Access in Vehicular Environment (WAVE) which will be used to enable wireless communications between moving vehicles within a coverage distance of 1000m in a free space (i.e. highway scenario) and 300m in non-free space (i....
Internet of Things (IoTs) era is expected to empower all aspects of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) to improve transport safety and reduce road accidents. US Federal Communication Commission (FCC) officially allocated 75MHz spectrum in the 5.9GHz band to support vehicular communication which many studies have found insufficient. In this paper, we studied the application of Cognitive Radio (CR) technology to IoVs in order to increase the spectrum resource opportunities available for vehicular communication, especially when the officially allocated 75MHz spectrum in 5.9GHz band is not enough due to high demands as a result of increasing number of connected vehicles as already foreseen in the near era of IoTs. We proposed a novel CR Assisted Vehicular NETwork (CRAVNET) framework which empowers CR enabled vehicles to make opportunistic usage of licensed spectrum bands on the highways. We also developed a novel co-operative three-state spectrum sensing and allocation model which makes CR vehicular secondary units (SUs) aware of additional spectrum resources opportunities on their current and future positions and applies optimal sensing node allocation algorithm to guarantee timely acquisition of the available channels within a limited sensing time. The results of the theoretical analyses and simulation experiments have demonstrated that the proposed model can significantly improve the performance of a cooperative spectrum sensing and provide vehicles with additional spectrum opportunities without harmful interference against the Primary Users (PUs) activities.
In an unreliable cluster-based, broadcast vehicular network setting, we investigate the transmission reliability and throughput performance of random network coding (RNC) as a function of the percentage of packet generation rate and transmit power to noise ratio. In the paper, a novel scheme called reliable and efficient cooperative cross-layer MAC (RECMAC) is proposed. The proposed scheme consists of a source vehicle broadcasting packets to a set of receivers (i.e. one-to-many) over independent broadcast erasure channels. The source vehicle performs RNC on N packets and broadcasts the encoded message to a set of receivers. In each hop, several vehicles form a cluster and cooperatively transmit the encoded or re-encoded packet. The combination of RNC, cluster based, and cooperative communications enables RECMAC to optimally minimize data redundancy, which means less overhead, and improve reliability as opposed to coding-based solutions. Theoretical analyses and simulation results show that under the same conditions RECMAC scheme can achieve improved performance in terms of transmission reliability and throughput.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.