Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) has been a global epidemic in the new millennium and the majority of all diabetic patients constitute Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Medication adherence to prescribed treatments is a key determinant to achieve therapeutic success reduces diabetic complications. Objectives: The aim of the study was to examine the level of medication adherence to Type 2 diabetic patients hospitalized at tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh. Methods: The study was descriptive cross-sectional design. A total of 112 Type 2 diabetic patients were conveniently recruited from tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh. Results: The mean age of the participants was 57.46 (SD=11.65) years. More than half of the patients (60.7%) were male and majority of them (94.6%) were married. The mean score of diabetic medication adherence was calculated as 26.46 (SD=1.58). Adherence to diabetic medications was significantly associated with age (p=.01), occupation (p=.003), duration of DM (p=.003), oral hypoglycemic agents (p=.02), HbA1c (p=< .01) and Fasting Blood Ssugar (p=< .01). Medication non-adherence significantly found in patients with presence of diabetic retinopathy (p=<.01), microabuminuria (p=.01), dyslipidemia (p=.006), hypertension (p=.01) and other chronic diseases (p=.01). Conclusion: The level of medication adherence among Type 2 diabetic patients was found to be suboptimal. Good adherence has beneficial effects on HbA1c and FBS. For improving adherence particular focus should pay to diabetic patients with different age groups and the presence of comorbidities. Keywords: Medication Adherence; Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Oral Hypoglycemic Agents; Comorbidities.

Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has been considered the leading cause of death and disability all over the globe where Bangladesh is not an exception. Early medical attention seeking behavior is decisive for saving valuable lives and reducing further complications. Objectives: Current research aimed to identify the factors related to delay in seeking medical care among AMI sufferers. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out by face-to-face interview from January 2017 to June 2018. A total of 120 patients were conveniently recruited from Ibrahim Cardiac Hospital and Research Institute, which is a tertiary level hospital in Dhaka. Delay in medical care seeking time was investigated using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire. Data were evaluated by Statistical Package for the Social Science version 20 and the relationship was assessed by using t-test. Results: Respondents who lived in the rural area (P = 0.01), whose pain duration less than 6 hours (P = 0.01) and radiation of pain (P = 0.02), took self-treatment (P = 0.04), misinterpretation of symptoms (P = 0.04), living long distance (P = 0.01), lack of suitable transport (P = 0.04), and faced traffic jam (P = 0.00) showed significantly higher delay in seeking medical care. Conclusions: It is necessary to develop a strategy for reducing delay in medical care seeking in patients with AMI to reduce cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Proper education regarding major cardiovascular events could be an effective option.

Background: Low Back pain (LBP) is one of the most thought-provoking health conditions among the health professionals, especially nurses and it is considered as a significant health problem around the world. The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of exercise programs to reduce LBP among nurses working at Mugda Medical College Hospital in Dhaka. Methods: A Quasi Experimental one group pre-posttest study design with 5 weeks’ exercise program and one week follow up session was used. A total of 60 nurses were conveniently recruited from Mugda Medical College Hospital. Data collection period was from January to March 2020. Nurses’ characteristics were described by using Socio-Demographic Questionnaire (SDQ) and their LBP status was examined by Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) and 11 points of Verbal Rating Scale for pain (VRSP) assessment. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation was used to describe the demographic characteristics and LBP of nurses. Inferential statistics such as matched paired t-test and independent sample t-test were used to examine the relationship between the variables. Results: Finding shows that the mean pre-test LBP score of nurses was 5.40 (SD = 0.74) and post-test LBP score was 1.51 (SD = 1.27). The mean differences were 3.89 (SD = 0.53) which indicates significant difference between pre and post-test score. In matched paired t-test, it was found that there was a significant mean difference between pre and post-test of LBP (p< 0.001). Conclusion: There was a significant mean difference after exercise program among the nurses with LBP. It indicates that exercise program was effective to reduce LBP. This finding can be recommended to develop educational modules for nurses to provide appropriate care to the patients.