Climate change is causing an increase in dry spells, altering rainfall patterns and soil moisture, and affecting water and nutrient plant uptake, which inevitably affects vegetable production. To mitigate this issue, some technologies that allow the maintenance of the ideal soil moisture for the uptake process are being investigated. Considering this, we hypothesize that the use of water treated with a magnetic field can increase water use efficiency in lettuce crop production. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of the irrigation rate of magnetically treated water on biomass accumulation and nutrient uptake by lettuce plants. An experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with a 2 × 5 factorial arrangement of two water sources (conventional water and magnetically treated water) and five irrigation application rates to replace crop evaporation: 25, 50, 75, 100, and 125%, with five replicates. The use of magnetically treated water increased the concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus in leaves, meaning that it induced higher nitrogen assimilation, leading to increases in agronomical characteristics (leaf number, fresh and dry shoot weight, fresh and dry root weight). The conclusions of this study showcase that magnetically treated water has beneficial effects on lettuce plants, improving their nutritional status and yield. Moreover, the results presented can lead to an increase in water use efficiency, thus optimizing irrigation management.
The presence of weeds in forest estates is considered one of the biggest problems in the implantation, maintenance, and renovation of eucalyptus plantations. This research aims to evaluate the phytotoxicity of herbicides on eucalyptus and I. nil. The experiment was installed inside a greenhouse in a completely randomized design with five replications. The treatments consisted of the application of 0.2% (v/v) adjuvant with the herbicides: atrazine (2250 g i.a. ha-1), clomazone (720 g i.a. ha-1), sulfentrazone (600 g i.a. ha-1), glyphosate (1440 g i.a. ha-1), and control. The following variables were analyzed: electron transport rate (ETR), water consumption, and plant phytotoxicity. For I. nil plants treated with atrazine, it was possible to detect phytotoxicity previous to the appearance of symptoms in the visual analysis, due to the inhibition of ETR at 24 hours after application (HAA). The highest levels of phytotoxicity for eucalyptus and I. nil were obtained by glyphosate and sulfentrazone, respectively.
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