Mapear o perfil de estudantes que adentram as universidades públicas já é um objetivo de diversos estudos, porém esse perfil tem se apresentado cada vez mais singular. Desta forma, buscamos neste estudo levantar indicadores que nos auxiliem na compreensão da realidade e das particularidades dos estudantes dos diferentes cursos do ensino superior de uma universidade pública federal do sudeste paraense, por meio do diagnóstico socioeconômico destes alunos. Neste artigo, utiliza-se, um questionário estruturado, com perguntas diretas, calculando-se uma amostra estratificada por curso e turma/semestre, considerando o nível de significância igual a 5%, com base na quantidade de alunos matriculados no 2º semestre de 2019, o que totalizou uma amostra de 251 alunos. Dentre os principais resultados, destaca-se no estudo, a predominância de alunos do sexo feminino, que se autodeclararam pardos, sem deficiência, que moram com os pais em casa própria, dependem de transporte público, sem vínculo empregatício, não recebem nenhum benefício de programa social do governo federal e não participam de atividades extracurriculares. Com isso, entende-se algumas características predominantes no ambiente acadêmico e que influenciam no desempenho e estabilidade dos estudantes na universidade, assim se torna mais viável elaborar políticas de permanência e que favoreçam a aprendizagem destes estudantes no ensino superior.
An olive grower was invited to organise a full day harvesting test based on two rolling canvas prototypes, using his own trunk shaker, tractors and labour. This paper reports the results observed, making also a comparison with the usual harvesting method followed by the farmer, based on a trunk shaker and canvas manually placed under the trees.Results show that the rolling canvas based system has got a slightly higher work rate, and according to the workers, is less demanding in terms of physical effort.
Chamaecrista rotundifolia is a legume of high yield and nutritional value for livestock; however, it presents high seed dormancy. The aim of this study was to evaluate dormancy-breaking methods and the influence of soil texture on seedling emergence and initial development of C. rotundifolia. The experiment was performed in a greenhouse in a split-plot design with five replications. There were three treatments including dormancy-breaking techniques with immersion of the seeds in (1) hot water at 80°C for 30 s followed by 12 h in water at room temperature (25 °C; HW); (2) water at room temperature (25 °C) for 24 h (EW); and (3) hydrochloric acid (0.05 mol L-1) for 15 min (HA) (4) and a control group with no seed intervention, disposed in the main plots in randomized blocks. Seeds were cropped in two types of soil as subplots. Seedling emergence was evaluated daily to calculate the percentage emergence and emergence speed index. Plant performance was evaluated (21 days after sowing) through measurements of mass and length of components. Chamaecrista rotundifolia showed a high degree of dormancy in the seeds, and the treatment using HW had greater efficiency in seedling emergence (p < 0.01) and emergence speed index (p < 0.05). Total dry mass was superior in sandy soil (p < 0.05). Soil texture and dormancy treatments influenced the initial performance of plants, which performed better in sandy soil.
Chamaecrista rotundifolia is a forage legume little used with Brazilian livestock; however, it has been studied for this purpose for over 40 years in Australia. The aim of this study was to characterize the influence of plant densities of approximately 444,400, 111,100 and 27,800 plants/ha (equivalent to spacings of 0.15 × 0.15; 0.30 × 0.30 and 0.60 × 0.60 m) on quantitative and qualitative parameters of C. rotundifolia grown in pure stands as forage under exclusive cropping for hay. While leaf dry matter yields in the first 93 days after planting ranged from 1.48 to 9.32 t DM/ha, declining to 0.71–4.92 t DM/ha in the subsequent 83 days, crude protein concentration of the material was only 7–8%. Since this species tends to lose leaf during periods of stress, larger paddock studies are needed to determine how well leaf material is retained under conventional hay-making conditions. Optimal stubble height following harvesting should be investigated in an endeavor to increase DM yields at second harvest along with improved survival of plants.
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