-Keywords -current sequence of three-phase system, flat phase arrangement, mutual impedances, self impedances, untransposed power line.
A Ringed Non-Uniform Network: How to Raise its Efficiency As distinct from radial electric power lines, in closed loops the consumers are fed from two sides. This is advantageous from the viewpoint of supply reliability, power quality and its losses; however, these are the least only when a loop is uniform, which is not always met in practice. In a non-uniform loop a circulating current flows, and the losses increase proportionally to its square. To reduce losses in such a non-uniform loop, the circulating current should be eliminated. For this purpose a booster transformer can be used. The voltage of such a transformer is known to be in quadrature to the phase voltage; the present consideration has shown that such orientation of the opposing voltage gives the best results only when all loads in the loop are active, otherwise the angle of opposing voltage should be regulated. The voltage value should also be regulated depending on the load. Another technique consists in introducing a complementary reactance into the terminal branches. Such reactance should be regulated if loads are changing in time disproportionately with respect to each other. The best results are achieved when all loop node loads have the same cosφ. If the complementary reactance calculated at one end of the loop is positive, then that calculated at the second end of the loop will be negative, and vice versa. The appropriate choice can be made, in particular, involving both loop terminals.
A great diversity of the nominal voltages in power networks can be explained based on the sizes and shape of the fed zone. To find the reason of such diversity, some assumptions should be made: the variation in parameters is continuous, the voltage is constant, the electricity consumers are spread uniformly, etc. To pass from continuous load to its discrete location, a discreteness factor is calculated for various shapes of the fed zone. The expression obtained for specific costs of the network shows that they decrease in the following cases: with voltage increasing as far as the costs of line construction are not rising too rapidly; with the load density and specific conductance of phase conductor increasing; when the consumers are located more sparsely. To reduce specific costs, an appropriate current density in phase conductors should be chosen. In the work it is shown that the choice of optimal sizes for the fed zone should be made with due consideration for the step-down transformer.
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