experience to improve the efficiency of medical treatment of disaster victims. Results: The operations of the level-2 surgical teams in Afghanistan have greatly advanced knowledge of dealing with trauma victims with limited personnel and restricted transport resources. The challenges involved in treating local patients always include limited options of long-term observation, and treatment which necessitates modification of treatment methods. Based on the experience of the Urban SAR groups acquired during post-earthquake rescue efforts, there is significant need for more extensive medical aid, specifically in cases of dealing with damage to the extremities, wound treatment and the "crash syndrome". Experience of and procedures followed by the level-2 surgical teams in the course of damage control surgery and damage control orthopaedics, may be directly applicable to treating disaster victims, and also if there is no continued observation of victims. Conclusion: Damage control surgery procedures may be applied to treatment of disaster victims. However, methods and standards of treatment must be carefully tailored to the inability to provide long-term care and patients relying on local healthcare services for continued treatment. That is specifically important in case of orthopedic trauma treatment procedures.
Conclusion:The daily team leader report was considered critical to understanding how each team member was responding to the environment during the TC Winston response. It prompted strategies to manage heat and hydration prior to the manifestation of serious symptoms. Such information also contributed to our knowledge of the AusMAT member workloads, assisting to prepare teams for future deployments. Background: The FMMW displaced over 80,000 citizens and destroyed over 1,600 structures, making it the most economically devastating natural disaster in Canadian history, with a cost of over 9 billion CDN (6,834 billion US). CAN-TF2, an all-hazards disaster response team, was deployed to this disaster. Since its inception in 2002, the team has deployed in Alberta during the Slave Lake wildfires (2011), and the Calgary/High River floods (2013). The medical unit of CAN-FT2 engaged in its first active deployment during the FMMW. This team was designed to provide medical care for CAN-FT2 members and was comprised of paramedics, nurses, and physicians. During this event the teams scope was expanded, as it developed the only medical facility in the FMM vicinity. Methods: A narrative review of the FMMW deployment that focused on lessons learned from the medical team standpoint, along with descriptive epidemiology of the patient encounters. Results: Themes discussed included: (1) the development of a field hospital to support those beyond the CAN-FT2 team, which encompassed first-responders and critical infrastructure employees; (2) undertaking chronic disease management; (3) the fostering of relationships with other provincial agencies that allowed access to medical transport and critical medical supplies; (4) the integration of a critical incident stress-management team that addressed the mental health needs of first-responders; (5) the monitoring of public health markers and advocacy for actions within the incident command structure, that ensured the safety of the first-responders and self-deployed volunteers; (6) the transition from a CAN-TF2 field hospital back to a government facility run by the local medical community in FMM. Conclusion: The medical team capacity within CAN-FT2 continues to evolve, and the FMMW deployment has highlighted a number of strengths and areas requiring further development. , yet commensurate standards are not available for fitness. Furthermore, the physiological impost of responding to disasters in hot and humid conditions are poorly characterized, limiting the development of evidence based standards. Methods: A literature review of emergency responder fitness standards was conducted. Assessment of disaster responders was undertaken according to Brearley et al. (2013) 2 during construction of an EMT2 facility in hot and humid conditions to determine physiological and perceptual responses. Results: Fitness standards are common among law enforcement and civilian protection agencies, generally incorporating running to volitional exhaustion. There were no reports of fitness standards for medical ...
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