This paper describes the structural and compositional pattern of forest communities in the temperate and sub-alpine zones of Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve. It gives information about 344 species belonging to 227 genera and 95 families of vascular plants recorded between 2100 to 3600m amsl. These species include 40 trees, 64 shrubs and 240 herbaceous species distributed within 13 forest communities. It was found that the density of trees, seedlings, saplings and shrubs was higher in temperate zone than sub-alpine zone. However, density of herbs was lower in temperate zone in comparison to sub-alpine zone. This paper also gives information on distribution of native, endemic, economically important and rare-endangered species in different communities. Finally, the communities and species have been prioritized for conservation.
Present study was carried out to understand the proliferation status of invasive alien species (IAS) along altitudinal gradient (650-2150 m) in different forest types (Sal, Pine, Oak and Deodar) of western Himalaya. To understand the trend of proliferation of invasive species repeat vegetation survey and quantitative analysis method used in same plots after two years. Major invasive species in the region were Lantana camara, Ageratina adenophora, Ageratum conyzoides and Parthenium hysterophorus. Ageratina adenophora was highly spreading invasive species present in all forest type of the study area. Maximum density (8394 ind/ha.) and frequency (64.15%) was recorded in Pine forest. Important value index (IVI) of Ageratina adenophora increase from 23.4 to 25.71 in Pine forest followed by in Sal forest (6.32 to 8.21) and Deodar forest (11 to 12.53). Maximum density (246 ind/ha.) and frequency (41%) of Lantana camara recorded in Sal forest and IVI increase from 29.9 to 30.78. Oak forest allowed less rate of invasion of alien species. In study area with increase elevation number of invasive species decrease. However, high proliferation rate of Ageratina adenophora recorded at an elevation 2150 m asl in moist Deodar forest.
Present study was carried out in Binsar Wildlife Sanctuary, Uttarakhand during the period 2006-2007 Phytosociologcal study of the vegetation was conducted on the basis of floristic and structural variations. The diversity of trees, shrubs and herbs varied with Beats and Compartments. For example in South Binsar Block maximum tree diversity was recorded in Binsar Beat and minimum in Patanainail Beat. In North Binsar maximum diversity was recorded in Dhaulchina Beat and minimum in Satri Beat. In Rithagar Block the diversity was Zero. The maximum value of concentration of dominance for tree layer was observed in Patnainail Beat and minimum in Badaur Beat (in South Binsar). This value also varied with Beats and Compartments of Sanctuary.
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