In recent decades, the emergence of global value chains (GVCs) has changed international trade patterns. Today, the production of goods involves international production sharing, which allows countries to trace the value-added distribution to international trade. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has lowered the trade intensity between countries and can disrupt many sectors. This study uses a dynamic panel approach with the generalized method of moments estimator to investigate the pandemic’s impact on GVC participation. We also investigate whether gross domestic product (GDP) per capita may influence GVC participation, and use institutional quality as control variables. We used the Asian Development Bank Multi-Regional Input-Output (ADB MRIO) data for the 2010–2020 period. We employ backward and forward linkage approaches based on value-added exports to address the overvaluation problems in gross exports. The empirical results illustrate that the COVID-19 pandemic led to a decrease in GVC participation, on average. Furthermore, GDP per capita plays a significant role in GVC participation in backward and forward linkages with higher-quality institutions.
As one of the developing countries, Indonesia needs to increase its economic growth in order to improve the country prosperity as well as to overcome poverty, unemployment, and inequality of income distribution matters. Additionally, Indonesia also needs to obtain both national and international economic competitiveness, specifically in facing Asean Economic Community. The aim of the research is to identify the role of investment to the Indonesian Economic Growth. The data used is the secondary data taken from The Central Bureau of Statistics and Indonesia Investment Coordinating Board. The data analysis technique used is Error Correction Model which is useful to examine the long-term correlation amongst economic variables and to capture the economic phenomena as well. The result of the research indicates that the domestic investment and foreign investment variables have a long-term relation with the economic growth. In a short-term, the domestic investment and foreign investment variables also show significant influences. There are positive and significant influences of the domestic investment to the economic growth. This research is expected to become a recommendation and information to the government and policy makers.
Recently, the fluctuation of trade among countries in Southeast Asia is very fast, especially with the agreement of the Asean Economic Community (AEC) in 2015. It will establish the economic integration in Southeast Asia. This is expected to reduce the gap among the ASEAN countries. Therefore, the trade among countries also raises the fluctuation of foreign exchange rates. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence foreign exchange rates in several Southeast Asian countries. The secondary data used in this research were taken from the International Financial Statistics published by the International Monetary Fund 2012-2014. The data analysis technique used in this research was panel data regression analysis with Fixed Effect Model. The results showed that inflation and interest rates were variables that affect foreign exchange rates in several Southeast Asian countries. It was known that inflation and interest rates had positive effect on foreign exchange rates. It is also known that the depreciation of rupiah against US dollar was the highest compared to the ones of Ringgit Malaysia and Bath Thailand. Furthermore, the study is expected to give suggestion and information for government in those countries in determining monetary policy to overcome the fluctuation of foreign exchange rates.
The purpose of this community service is to enhance entrepreneurial motivation, improve understanding of human resource optimization, improve partners' understanding of business plans and also produce business plan documents as business development plans and improve financial management. As a result, innovative product designs have the value of selling by utilizing information technology, understanding and entrepreneurship skills in their fields, enhancing the ability of craftsmen in using the Internet network for expansion of marketing, improving financial management through cash flow, and the ability of partners to operate a financial-based application program a simple computer. Participatory approaches are used for partners to actively participate in all activities from start to finish. After conducting discussion with Partners 1 and 2, we provided the necessary training and mentoring to help overcome the weaknesses of Partners 1 and Partners 2, pottery craftsmen in Panjangrejo Pundong area, Bantul. After completing the program, it can be concluded that Partner 1 and Partner 2 were extremely enthusiastic in this activity due to the desire to be good at developing their business and all targeted indicators have been achieved, for example, customer identification and availability of production equipment.
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