Background-Voriconazole is a broad spectrum antifungal agent associated with photosensitivity and accelerated photoaging. A possible link with aggressive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) has also been reported.

Background There is a need to better understand the safety of TNF inhibitors in patients with psoriatic disease in whom TNF inhibitors are frequently used as monotherapy. Objective Examine the risks of infection and malignancy with the use of TNF antagonists in adult patients with psoriatic disease. Methods Systematic search for trials of TNF antagonists for adults with plaque psoriasis (PsO) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). We included randomized, placebo-controlled trials of etanercept, infliximab, adalimumab, golimumab, and certolizumab for the treatment of PsO and PsA. 20 out of 820 identified studies with a total of 6,810 patients were included. Results were calculated using fixed effects models and reported as pooled odds ratios (OR). Results ORs for overall infection and serious infection over a mean of 17.8 weeks were 1.18 (95% CI: 1.05, 1.33) and 0.70 (95% CI: 0.40, 1.21), respectively. When adjusting for patient-years, the incidence rate ratio for overall infection was 1.01 (95% CI: 0.92, 1.11). The OR for malignancy was 1.48 (95% CI: 0.71, 3.09), and 1.26 (95% CI: 0.39, 4.15) when non-melanoma skin cancer was excluded. Limitations Short duration of follow-up and rarity of malignancies and serious infections. Conclusions There is a small increased risk of overall infection with the short-term use of TNF antagonists for psoriasis that may be attributable to differences in follow-up time between treatment and placebo groups. There was no evidence of an increased risk of serious infection and a statistically significant increased risk in cancer was not observed with short-term use of TNF inhibitors.

Background: The increased proportion of female physicians over the last 30 years may have important implications for future physician workforce needs. Objective: To assess the roles of gender, marital status, and parenting in employment choices. Design, Setting, and Participants: Anonymous surveys were distributed to recent dermatology residency graduates taking a board examination review course from 1999 through 2002. Main Outcome Measures: The number of hours respondents saw patients per week and the number of hours they spent in each field of dermatology per week. Results: There were 191 respondents to the survey in 2002, which represented 54% of the 2002 residency graduates. For clarity, this article focuses on the 2002 results except where trends over time become apparent. Of the (REPRINTED) ARCH DERMATOL / VOL 140, FEB 2004 WWW.ARCHDERMATOL.COM 191

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Leclercia adecarboxylata is a rare, gram-negative rod that has been infrequently reported in the literature. The organism has been documented to cause solitary infections in immunocompromised hosts and polymicrobial wound infections in the immunocompetent. We present a case of an 8-year-old boy with significant past medical history of acute lymphoblastic leukemia who developed cellulitis due to local infection by L. adecarboxylata. This case is presented to raise awareness of this rare organism's ability to cause common cutaneous disease, especially in the immunocompromised.

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Background: Voriconazole is a triazole antifungal agent approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for serious fungal infections, including with Aspergillus, Fusarium, Pseudallescheria, and Scedosporium species. In initial clinical trials, approximately 2% of patients developed cutaneous reactions, including photosensitivity, cheilitis, and xerosis. Subsequent reports have implicated voriconazole as a cause of severe photosensitivity and accelerated photoaging, pseudoporphyria cutanea tarda, and aggressive squamous cell carcinoma. Observation: We report 5 melanoma in situ lesions in the setting of extreme photosensitivity associated with long-term voriconazole therapy. Conclusions: We recommend surveillance for skin cancer formation in all patients who require long-term voriconazole treatment, particularly those who manifest signs or symptoms of photosensitivity or chronic photodamage. Further study of the mechanism underlying voriconazole photosensitivity and oncogenesis is warranted.