We describe quantum protocols for voting and surveying. A key feature of our schemes is the use of entangled states to ensure that the votes are anonymous and to allow the votes to be tallied. The entanglement is distributed over separated sites; the physical inaccessibility of any one site is sufficient to guarantee the anonymity of the votes. The security of these protocols with respect to various kinds of attack is discussed. We also discuss classical schemes and show that our quantum voting protocol represents a N -fold reduction in computational complexity, where N is the number of voters.
SIP DDoS attack is growing and has a real threat to crippling public communication infrastructure. The standard approach to building the defense is at or near the attack destination (i.e. victim's location). This approach is struggling to keep up with the growing volume and attack sophistication. To be better prepared for future attacks, the workload needs to be distributed, and the attack needs to be mitigated as close to the attack source as possible. This paper experiments with data plane programming (P4) and control plane programming of Ethernet switches to provide first-hop detection and mitigation capability for SIP INVITE DDoS attack at every switchport. This approach creates a distributed or source-based defense component which could be added to the existing destination-based components to create a more comprehensive overall solution that is extensible, economical, and scalable against SIP DDoS attack of the future.
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