Increase in number of cars without commensurate increase in the number of transport facilities and infrastructures has led to diverse traffic problems in many Nigerian cities like Akure. Factors which contribute to increase in the numbers of cars owned in Akure metropolis were investigated in this study. The study area was divided into three density zones namely High, Medium and Low while, data was collected using well-structured household questionnaire survey distributed amongst residents; with the survey yielding a return of 1002 questionnaire out of the 1181 distributed. Results from field findings gave the average number of cars owned per household in the study area as 0.62. Results of the Poisson Regression Model show that a change in the number of employed household members will decrease the number of cars owned in the study area by 9% while, a unit increase in the number of driver’s license holders in the household, academic qualification and average monthly income of the household will increase the number of cars owned by 60%, 26% and 30% respectively. The negative binomial model indicates that a change in the number of employed household members will decrease the number of cars owned by 10% whereas a change in the number of driver’s license holders in the household and monthly income will lead to an increase in the number of cars owned by 101% and 24% respectively. The test of model effects affirm that all the predictor variables are statistically significant indicating a good fit for the model predicted. Out of the two models, Poisson regression model is found to be a superior model due to a higher log likelihood ratio Chi Square and improved statistically significant variables. The findings in this research will assist government agencies to plan future transportation infrastructure development.
Mobility is key to maintaining independence, especially as people age. Sustainable development goals focused on providing access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transportation for all by reducing number of global deaths and injuries from road traffic accidents. Providing transportation facilities for the elderly is an important part of sustainable transportation. This review assessed the mobility dynamics of the elderly with the aim of proffering sustainable solutions to the effective mobility of this unique set of individuals. Several literatures on mobility dynamics, travel behaviour and trip pattern of this unique set of people were assessed. The study showed that the use of public transport is influenced by distance in comparison with different modes of transport for the elderly. The review also established that distance is a function of the pendulum pattern. The mobility patterns of older people are influenced by various elements that depend on individual circumstances and state of health. Other factors that influenced mobility dynamics of the seniors as reviewed are age, gender, educational level, type of disability, income, residential area, availability of means of transport and built environment. The outcome of this review will aid transportation policy makers on the way-forward for effective and efficient mobility for the elderly now and in the foreseeable future towards a sustainable transportation system.
In a bid to improve sustainability in road construction and reduce the cost of road construction, there is a need for a green alternative. This research improved the geotechnical properties of tropical lateritic soil using Bamboo Straw Ash (BSA). The lateritic soil was stabilized with increasing percentage of BSA at 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, and 12%. The index properties, Compaction (Maximum moisture content, Maximum dry Density), CBR, of the soil samples with BSA were evaluated. Response Surface Analysis was used to model the mathematical relationship between the atterberg limit and the CBR of the BSA stabilized soil sample. The plasticity index of the unstabilized soil sample was 14.01 upon the addition of 16% BSA, the plasticity index reduced to 10.73 which showed an improvement in the soil index properties. The CBR increased from 26.38% to 30.2% at 0% and 8% respectively which signifies an improved strength. From the Respons Surface Analysis, the highest plasticity index achievable with BSA stabilization is 27.18. The model equation showed that the plasticity index and plasticity limit have a positive relationship with the CBR. Ultimately, the use of BSA provides a cost-effective and green alternative to lateritic soil stabilization in road construction.
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