Adaptive Front-lighting System (AFS) technology is the next generation of automotive adaptive headlights system. It enables driver to see the bend of the road fully before turning, improving the road safety and the pedestrians’ safety. With the LIN communication module, MASTER node angle collection module and steering gear control module, the system implements the AFS. The MASTER is responsible for obtaining the angle signal using the angle sensor KMA200 and initiating communication while the SLAVE node is responsible for adjusting of the Front-light. The Master will load information into the data field and send it to the SLAVE. Messages are filtered and the message of which the ID field and the local ID is consistent, data field will be read, as a PWM control of the steering gear parameters. Experimental results show that the AFS system has a satisfactory accuracy and it can be used in the Citrus Orchards. The system can improve the safety of the citrus conveyers at night and in any bad weather
Access to safe and affordable drinking water is a basic need for every human being. However, with Lusaka Province being the fastest province in Zambia, it is evident that the rapid development of upcoming residential areas as well as illegal settlements in the outskirts of the city has outplaced the installation of water supply system by the water utility company. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to assess Lusaka Water and Sewerage Company’s competitive priorities in its endeavor to provide safe and affordable water services in Lusaka’s upcoming residential areas. The research employed a non-intervention approach. Structured questionnaires and interviews were used for data collection. 30 household questionnaires were administered to households in Libala, Chalala and Obama residential areas respectively. Two water samples were collected randomly from each location and tested for quality. The findings showed that cost of drilling a residential borehole was K 17,351 with the reported minimum cost at K5000 and maximum at K75, 000. Borehole water from Chalala and Obama was found to be contaminated with total and feacal coliform bacteria. Nonetheless, piped water in Libala was found to be compliant with the World Health Organisation (WHO) standards. The residents in Libala were also generally satisfied with the water supply services, but had concerns over the high water tariffs, the late response to water problems and the elevated levels of chlorine in the water. Majority of the respondents also reported that a decentralized water supply system was an innovative idea. From the overall findings, the main operational core competency identified was the water quality. As a result, for LWSC to extend water supply to the upcoming residential areas in Lusaka, it was recommended that LWSC formulates a welldocumented operations strategy that will focus on the cost of the service and time of service delivery. These can be achieved through a well thought out and implementable capacity strategy and asset management. Capacity strategy will involve decisions on the sizing, timing, type and location of real assets or resources.
<p class="Abstract">The successive approximation register analog to digital converter (SAR ADC) technique is not yet mature in China mainly because of the imperfect analog module of the SAR ADC. The purpose of this design was to optimize the analog module by designing and making a 8-bit 1MHz SAR ADC and testing a 12-bit SAR ADC theoretically and by simulation. The design of the 1MHz SAR DAC, which consists of analog circuit and digital circuit, was designed according to the positive design method and the specific standard. And the ADC circuit was designed according to the sub-module layout. By the time the project design was finished, its hardware which was made of discrete components by welding printed circuit board (PCB) was debugged. The hardware’s physical properties were analyzed by using a SAR DAC test platform created in LabVIEW8.6 interfaced with data acquisition cards. This designed SAR ADC can be applied to sensor interface, data acquisition system, portable test instrument, low power control system and some aspects of communication. Its absolute average error is about 1% in the laboratory tests which meet the expectations of high accuracy requirement. When it was used in the ropeway project of agriculture engineering project, it reached a good accuracy of 91.5%. It is recommended that PCB automatic routing function be used to reduce the error and interference in the further study from the tests result.</p>
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