Abstract-Very small entities, organizations with up to 25 people, are very important to the worldwide economy. However it has ben established that such companies often do not utilize existing best practice standards and frameworks. To address the needs of Very Small Entities (VSEs), a set of international standards and guides known as ISO/IEC 29110 has been developed. In this paper we present the results of early trials of this standard in an IT start-up and in an engineering enterprise and assess the lessons learnt for future research and industrial usage of this standard.
Industry recognizes that there are very small organizations that develop parts which contain software components. These organizations, those with up to 25 people, are very important to the worldwide economy, and the parts they develop are often integrated into products made by larger enterprises. Failure to deliver a quality product on time and within budget threatens the competitiveness of both organizations. One way to mitigate these risks is for all the suppliers in a product chain put in place proven engineering practices. Many international standards have been developed to capture such proven engineering practices. However, these standards were not written for very small development organizations and are consequently difficult to apply in such settings. An ISO Working Group has been established to address these difficulties. The working group developed standards and technical reports, ISO/IEC 29110, which were published in 2011 for organizations developing software. In 2009 an INCOSE working group was established to evaluate the possibility of developing a standard, using the ISO/IEC 29110 standard as a baseline and the ISO/IEC 15288 as the framework, for organizations developing systems. At the 2011 INCOSE International Workshop, a group of systems engineers reviewed the ISO/IEC 29110 software standard and proposed modifications to meet their needs. One constraint was to develop a document which will allow an organization developing systems with software components to be able to use the actual set of ISO/IEC 29110 standards as well as the proposed systems engineering standards. The future systems engineering standard is targeted at VSEs which do not have experience or expertise in tailoring ISO/IEC 15288. A draft document has been developed and reviewed. Recently, an ISO working group has been mandated to develop the ISO standard for very small organizations developing systems. The INCOSE Systems Engineering Handbook is used as the main reference for the development of a set of systems engineering deployment packages. A deployment package is a set of artefacts developed to facilitate the implementation of a set of practices of a standard in a very small organization.
In the 21st century, when any sophisticated system has significant software content, it is increasingly critical to articulate and improve the interface between systems engineering and software engineering, that is the relationships between systems and software engineering technical and management processes, products, tools, and outcomes. Although systems engineers and software engineers perform similar activities and use similar processes, their primary responsibilities and concerns differ. Systems engineers focus on the global aspects of a system. Their responsibilities span the lifecycle and involve ensuring the various elements of a system—such as hardware, software, firmware, engineering environments, and operational environments—work together to deliver capability. Software engineers also have responsibilities that span the lifecycle, but their focus is on activities to ensure the software satisfies software‐relevant system requirements and constraints. Software engineers must maintain sufficient knowledge of the non‐software elements of the systems that will execute their software, as well as the systems their software must interface with. Similarly, systems engineers must maintain sufficient awareness of the software to enable early identification and resolution of software risks and issues driven by other system elements. Thus, to enable continued progress in creating and sustaining capability in complex, interconnected systems, systems and software engineers must commit to improving the interfaces between their disciplines, to aligning and integrating their terminology, processes, methods, and tools. Recognizing the need to improve the system engineering‐software engineering interface, INCOSE approved the charter of the System and Software Interface Working Group (SaSIWG) in 2017. At its initial meeting at the INCOSE International Symposium 2017 (IS 2017) in Adelaide, Australia, the SaSIWG derived working group objectives from lists of brainstormed systems and software issues. This paper documents the interface issues elicited, grouped into seven categories, along with system‐ software interface use cases identified by SaSIWG members. The interface issues and use cases expose questions for the SaSIWG to prioritize and respond to. The paper concludes with a summary of the SaSIWG's plan to respond to these questions and strengthen the interface between the systems engineering and software engineering disciplines.
Abstract. Prevailing Modeling and Simulation (M&S) techniques have struggled toprovide meaningful quantitative results in M&S of complex System of Systems (SoSs) in the face of an environment filled with complex interacting uncertainties. This paper reports on systems thinking applied to "how" M&S techniques should shift to allow a next generation of quantitative tools and techniques. The imperative is to provide quantitative performance results across the constituent interfaces in a modeled architecture. A five step statistical and parametric algorithm tool that addresses Uncertainty Quantification (UQ) is presented. [Improving the utility of UQ data evaluation] A quantitative approach to managing complex uncertainties across modeled interfaces using graph theory is proposed. A future vision for SoS Engineering (SoSE) that uses graph theory based modeling is suggested to improve the utility of tools such as UQ is suggested.
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