This research explores waste management activities and the strive to achieve a cleaner environment for man's habitation. The work applies a case study approach andthe use of observation method was applied in the data collection along with a description of the case of waste dumping issue on Idiroko Road, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria. This study suggests the application of systems approach to enhance a participatory waste management practice, that embraces the involvement and active consultation of the concerned stakeholders for effective and sustainable waste management practice. The research also highlights the need for further research to consider the application of other data collection tools such asinterview and workshop to have a broaderdata needed to further explore the research area.

This research explored the effects of the legal system on SMEs operations in the Nigerian economy. The study aimed to address the gap in literature discussing the legal system and SMEs’ operations in Nigeria. It focused on learning about the current level of support of the legal system for SME operations and as well as suggesting an approach to enhance effective SMEs’ operations in Nigeria further. The current study applied a conceptual review, relying on extant literature relating to the antecedence of the Nigeria legal system, focusing on the critical factors affecting SME practices in Nigeria. A key finding is the importance of the legal system functions to SMEs practice in Nigeria. It also highlighted the weaknesses of the legal system in providing the needed backing and conducive business environment for SMEs in Nigeria. A model was proposed, depicting the need for restructuring of the legal system, improvised support of other government functionaries and other relevant stakeholders, to facilitate SMEs’ operations and enhance their contributions to the Nigerian economy. The research ends with the suggestion for further research to consider other research methodological approaches, the development of alternative dispute revolutionary measures, as well as a comparative study involving two or more economies in order to project further learning on the legal system and SMEs’ operations.

This study examines the various conflicting issues between and among public service agencies to enhance Nigeria's effective public security service delivery. While the study embraces the use of a systems approach, it adopts a conceptual review approach with pictorial evidence and a critical review of extant literature to discuss intra-and inter-sectional conflict in the Nigerian public security service delivery system. The findings show, that the superior complexities among public security service personnel account for the constant rifts that have led to the destruction of lives and properties. The study submits that the suggested systems model be implemented complimentary, alongside the Nigerian public sector security service's traditional command and control structure. Part of the recommendations is that an independent body of peace and reconciliatory commission be established to combat the obnoxious conflictual situations among the public security service delivery personnel in Nigeria and forestall possible damage to lives and properties. The study also suggested further research to have an empirical view and widening of the scope to include the private sector security services in Nigeria to promote peace and stability in the country through effective security service delivery.

In this paper, an attempt is made to investigate the extent to which leadership capabilities influences the survival instincts of faith-based organizations (FBOs) in Nigeria. Leadership capabilities are dimensions used by a leader to anticipate events, envision possibilities, maintain flexibility, and empower others to create strategic change to ensure organizational survival. The top leaders form decision-making bodies in FBOs that play a critical role in selecting and implementing organizational strategies. The challenges of failure and vision/goal accomplishment continue to threaten the existence and sustainability of many FBOs. In this study, purposive, stratified and simple random sampling methods were used. Out of 499 copies of the distributed questionnaire only 432 were returned, which is a response rate of 86.6%. The study used structural equation modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS 3.0 as a statistical tool for the analysis. Results show that demographic characteristics moderate the relationship between leadership capabilities and survival instincts of faith-based organizations. The present study made a tentative attempt to expand the appeal of concepts in new geographical boundaries in an empirical context, thereby making an important, original contribution to the Nigerian religious sector and literature on strategic leadership management, particularly on leadership capabilities and organizational survival. Based on the results, it is recommended that implementation of leadership capabilities should be consistently checked and controlled in line with organizational trends for sustainable survival of faith-based organizations. Contribution/Originality:The study used new estimation methodology to define and analyze the relationship between leadership capabilities of leaders at the helm of affairs regarding the enhancement of survival instincts of faith-based organizations in Nigeria. This enables the paper to add to the existing body of knowledge in strategic leadership management practices. INTRODUCTIONFaith-based organizations (FBOs) are development organizations with specific religious backgrounds and are characterized by an affiliation with a religious body, a mission statement with explicit reference to religious values, receive finance from religious sources, and have a governance structure. The selection of staff board members is based on religious beliefs, and decision making is based on religious values. Churches, mosques, and temples are also considered as FBOs and act as change agents in our societies by spreading the gospel, refining our moral characters,

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In order to build principles in the organisational workforce and environment, strategic people management skills include articulating the selection of skills, expertise, competencies and personal qualities. This paper aims to explore how the implementation of strategic people management skills serves as a driver to sustainable competitive advantage in the competitive religious environment by utilizing the Christian Faith-Based Organisations in Nigeria. Research MethodologyA conceptual approach based on the analysis of historical trends in the implementation of people management skills, especially among Christian Faith-based organisations in Nigeria, based on current literature. Key factors necessary for the satisfactory implementation of strategic people management skills were identified which include training and re-training, career development and motivational factors. Research FindingsFindings from extant literature show that beyond the operational strategic purview of Nigerian Christian Faith-Based Organisations, other critical factors such as environmental influence create a significant link between people management skills and the level of compliance from affected parties. This also partly determines the amount of resource requirement to support the implementation of people management projects. In terms of the aspirations of Christian Faith-Based Organisational leaders in Nigeria, environmental variables play a key role. Conclusion and RecommendationsBased on these findings, we recommend that leaders should endeavour to define directional policy that enhances people management skills and establish measurable goals to meet members of staff, members and followers' expectations and to improve on organisational competitive advantage. Future research could be focused on empirical studies of Christian faith-based organisation in this direction.