This article reports the work on next generation transponders for optical networks carried out within the last few years. A general architecture supporting super-channels (i.e., optical connections composed of several adjacent subcarriers) and sliceability (i.e., subcarriers grouped in a number of independent super-channels with different destinations) is presented. Several transponder implementations supporting different transmission techniques are considered, highlighting advantages, economics, and complexity. Discussions include electronics, optical components, integration, and programmability. Application use cases are reported
We propose a sliceable bandwidth variable transceiver (S-BVT) architecture suitable for metro/regional elastic networks and highly scalable data center (DC) applications. It adopts multicarrier modulation (MCM), either OFDM or DMT, and a cost-effective optoelectronic front-end. The high-capacity S-BVT is programmable, adaptive and reconfigurable by an SDN controller for efficient resource usage, enabling unique granularity, flexibility and grid adaptation, even in conventional fixed-grid networks. We experimentally demonstrate its multiple advanced functionalities in a four-node photonic mesh network. This includes SDN-enabled rate/distance adaptive multi-flow generation and routing/switching, slice-ability, flexibility and adaptability for the mitigation of spectrum fragmentation as well as for a soft migration towards the flexi-grid paradigm.
In this work we detail the strategies adopted in the European research project IDEALIST to overcome the predicted data plane capacity crunch in optical networks. In order for core and metropolitan telecommunication systems to be able to catch up with Internet traffic, which keeps growing exponentially, we exploit the elastic optical networks paradigm for its astounding characteristics: flexible bandwidth allocation and reach tailoring through adaptive line rate, modulation formats, and spectral efficiency. We emphasize the novelties stemming from the flex-grid concept and report on the corresponding proposed target network scenarios. Fundamental building blocks, like the bandwidth-variable transponder and complementary node architectures ushering those systems, are detailed focusing on physical layer, monitoring aspects, and node architecture design
In this paper, we present the design and analysis of an adaptive cost-effective discrete multitone transponder (DMT) using direct detection (DD) suitable for data center interconnections. Levin Campello margin adaptive (LC-MA) algorithm is applied to the transponder digital signal processing modules to enhance fiber chromatic dispersion (CD) resilience, while achieving highdata rate transmission. The bit error rate (BER) performance and the rate/distance adaptive capabilities of the proposed transponder have been numerically analyzed and compared to bandwidth variable uniform loading, taking into account the transmission impairments at the varying of the fiber length. Specifically, the performance of the designed transponder has been assessed from 20 to 112 Gb/s, extending the achievable reach at 50 Gb/s beyond 80 km of standard single mode fiber (SSMF). The numerical simulations have been compared with experimental results, evidencing good agreement in presence of transmission impairments.
Photonic technologies and software-defined networking (SDN) are key to support hyperconnectivity in a globally networked society. We present programmable optical transmission systems and particularly SDNenabled transceiver architectures for addressing this challenge. Special attention is devoted to promising technologies able to reduce the cost, power consumption and footprint of the optical subsystems and network elements. This is particularly relevant for future agile and high-capacity metro networks, identified to be the most challenging segment. Specifically, the adoption of highdense photonic integration and long-wavelength vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) is considered for the design of sliceable bandwidth/bitrate variable transceiver (S-BVT) architectures supporting hyperconnectivity. Programmability and technological aspects are discussed, as well as recent results and achievements, focusing on opportunities and limitations provided by the proposed solutions. Starting from the identification of programmable parameters, the photonic transceivers modeling is provided towards their automatic configurability by an SDN controller. An efficient use of the available resources is promoted, while fully exploiting the photonic technology potentialities and exploring advanced functionalities that can be provided. Index Terms-Sliceable bandwidth/bitrate variable transceiver (S-BVT), software-defined networking (SDN), vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSEL), optical metro networks, photonic integration/technologies. I. INTRODUCTION YPERCONNECTIVITY is a term coined and first used in social science to indicate "the availability of people for communication anywhere and anytime" and refers to a This paper is part of a project that has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement PASSION No 780326. This work has been also partially supported by the Spanish DESTELLO (TEC2015-69256-R) and AURORAS (RTI2018-099178-B-I00) projects.
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