Antecedentes: Pocos estudios en países tropicales y en desarrollo han utilizado el diagnóstico molecular para caracterizar las respuestas específicas a los aeroalérgenos.Objetivo: Investigar las respuestas de anticuerpos IgE in vivo e in vitro a alérgenos inhalantes en pacientes alérgicos con rinitis o asma.Métodos: Estudio prospectivo que incluyó pacientes con rinitis alérgica o asma. Se realizaron pruebas cutáneas por punción con 16 extractos de alérgenos inhalantes y se determinaron los niveles de IgE total y específica para alérgenos y sus componentes moleculares en el suero.Resultados: De 189 pacientes, en 73.5 % se observó niveles elevados de IgE total en el suero. Las pruebas de punción fueron positivas a los siguiente alérgenos: extractos de ácaros más de 60 %, gato 29.6 %, perro 23.4 % y Periplaneta americana 21.6 %. La IgE específica para Dermatophagoides farinae y pteronyssinus estuvo presente en 66.6 %, para Blomia tropicalis, Ascaris lumbricoides, gato, plumas de perico, Penicillium notatum en 45.0, 24.7, 17.3, 14.8 y 12.3 %, respectivamente. Anticuerpos de clase IgE a alérgenos de ácaros de los grupos 1 y 2 estuvieron presentes en 59.0 y 70.1 % de los sueros; 39.1, 30.4, 19.9, 11.8, 11.2, 9.9, 9.3, 9.3 y 8.7 % contenían IgE a rBlot5, rBla g4, rFel d1, rArt v3, Derp 10, rBla g2, rPer a7, nFel d2 y rCan f1, respectivamente.Conclusiones: Se confirma a los ácaros como los principales agentes sensibilizantes en pacientes con enfermedades alérgicas respiratorias en el trópico. Existió buena correlación entre los resultados de las pruebas cutáneas y las pruebas in vitro.
The pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) posted a devastating global health crisis for almost a year already. Very little is known about this virus that scientists, physicians and the medical community struggled to find treatments of this novel virus. The vaccine that can potentially combat this virus is still an unknown reality hence, the repurposing of existing medical treatments such as chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM) could be a possible treatment and is being widely utilized. CPM is a safe and effective antihistamine with potent antiviral activity against various strains of influenza A/B, thus highlighting its great antiviral potential. We tested the virucidal potential of chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM) in a nasal spray composition currently in development as an anti-allergy medication. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has a droplet mode transmission with a notably high viral load in the upper respiratory tract, especially the nose. Several studies had already postulated that the nose is possibly the primary route of entry of SARS-CoV-2 owing to the high expression of Angiotensin 2 converting enzyme receptors. We hypothesize that utilizing (CPM) nasal spray as an adjunct treatment to COVID-19 positive patients and reduce their clinical course and hasten their time to negativization via RT-PCR via nasopharyngeal swab. We present a series of four symptomatic patients with mild-moderate risks. CPM nasal spray was added to their current supportive treatment. All four patients showed rapid improvement of their clinical symptoms with a shorter than average time to negativization on repeat nasopharyngeal swab via RT-PCR. No safety issues were encountered during the course of treatment. Given its years of excellent safety profile with remarkable clinical results as shown in this case series, we conclude that CPM nasal spray may be a potential adjunct treatment option in patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 symptoms.
BackgroundAsthma is a chronic multifactorial disease characterized by inflammation with multiple triggers. Inflamation of the airways is the main pathologic pathway in asthma, and not only determines the diagnosis and severity of symptoms, but is also useful to establish treatment and predict potential complications. By measuring FeNO levels, an indirect level of pulmonary inflammation can be obtained since it is produced by alveolar macrophages in response cytokines. One of the main known causes of this inflammatory response is an allergic reaction. This allergic reaction sets off a cascade of biochemical events that leads to the expression of inflamatory mediators, preformed or de novo, and IgE being the principal of such mediators. The objective was to evaluate the relationship between levels of FeNO and IgE to inflammation and allergy severity.Methods50 patients (72% female and 28% male) aged 12 to 50 years old, diagnosed with asthma were taken from the Allergy and Immunology department. A complete medical history was performed, and the diagnosis was confirmed through a clinical history and spirometric criteria, according to GINA 2010. All medications that could alter the inflammatory process were taken away for 15 days. Lastly, total serum IgE levels were measured with electrochemiluminescence technique and the FeNO with standard procedures. The data was further analyzed using a Pearson's correlation test.Results21% of the participants showed normal IgE values (<100 UI/Ml) and 33% of the participants had normal FeNO measurements (<20 ppm). A 0.29 coefficient was measured using a Pearson's correlation test, which suggests a low positive correlation between the 2 observed variables.ConclusionsThe results showed a low correlation between the IgE and FeNO levels. This result does not allow for a correlation between both parameters; which leads to a conclusion that high levels of IgE from an allergic reaction is not necessarily going to lead to a high FeNO, thus a pulmonary inflammation. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of the allergists and pneumonologists to work together when treating an asthma patient, given the multidisciplinary nature of this pathology.
BackgroundAsthma is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease that presents with varying degrees of bronchospasm which can be triggered by multiple causes. One of the best known triggers is allergies, or contact with allergens that have different immunological mechanisms leading to activation of the inflammatory process characteristic of asthma. Immunoglobulin E is a protein that normally rises in the allergic process and used as a marker.ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence of IgE as a key factor in asthma and to estimate the incidence of non IgE-mediated asthma.Methods50 Patients (72% female and 28% male) aged 12 and 50 years old, diagnosed with asthma who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, were taken from the Allergy and Immunology department. A complete medical history was performed, and the diagnosis was confirmed through a clinical history and spirometric criteria, according to GINA 2007. Subsequently, total IgE in serum were measured by electrochemiluminescence using the Cobascore equipment.Results72% of the patients in the study, had an elevated total IgE which suggests that this group has an allergic cause as a trigger for their disease, meanwhile the cause for the remaining patients were due to other causes.ConclusionsEvaluation of serum IgE levels should be considered in asthmatic patients in order to determine the specific etiologic treatment. Additionally, these results enhance the importance of a multidisciplinary working diagnosis, and management of this condition, considering that up to a quarter of asthma patients may have Non-IgE mediated etiology
BackgroundNeonatal Lupus is a rare disease, described in 1954, which only occurs in children of mothers with antibodies to specific antigens of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Such antigens pass, transplacentally during gestation and is characterized by cutaneous manifestations such as rash, erythematous macules, papules or plaques which tend to coalesce; less frequent are blood disorders including aplastic anemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, pancytopenia; liver disorders with elevated liver enzymes and cholestasis; central nervous system disease such as mielopaias, convulsions; pulmonary as pneumonitis, and gastrointestinal tract such as bloody diarrhea. Alopecia is a common symptom in SLE but has not been reported in the literature in neonatal presentation.MethodsCase report: A 1 month and 4 day old infant female, who presented 3 days after birth with a persistent bloody diarrhea, without mucus also presents dehydration and metabolic acidosis that warrant intravenous correction. An infectious etiology is discarded and is referred to an allergist for study of a possible lactose intolerance which is discarded initially. However, the physical finding of hair loss is evident with areas of alopecia which together with the persistence of the diarrhea and rash is suspect of a possible immunological etiology. Therefore, it was decided to test Anti-Ro autoimmunity in the infant and his mother; given a positive results.ResultsWith the Anti-Ro test the presence of Neonatal Lupus is confirmed. A treatment with EV-dose methylprednisolone was initiated, which had little clinical response, meriting a treatment with azathioprine with a good clinical response, which improved and reduced Anti-Ro values.ConclusionsThe importance of clinical observation is evident when there are unusual features which allows for a rare diagnosis. This striking case, given the unusual presentation with alopecia which together with the clinical observations was indicative of this disease, and not of other syndromes characteristic of this age, like sepsis.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.