<p class="Normal1" style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0in; margin: 0in 34.2pt 0pt 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black; font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">This paper&rsquo;s purpose is to examine the importance of controlling for the comparability of the units in a sample when examining wage differentials of various types. We use U.S. CPS data for the period 1992-2000 to compare estimated wage differentials between public and private sector workers obtained using two different methodologies: Lee&rsquo;s two-step method that controls for the selection bias resulting from the non-randomness of the sample, and the propensity score matching method that controls also for the comparability of the workers. Lee&rsquo;s method suggests that federal workers are paid a premium, while state and local workers are underpaid compared to private sector workers. However the matching method indicates that this data is too heterogeneous to be used to compare wages across sectors. We conclude that, when the outcome under study is not only affected by some sort of selection but also requires comparable groups, the traditional methodology may not be enough. </span></p>

Our results confirm the importance of environmental determinants, such as height above sea level, and coverage of forest, permanent crops and heterogeneous agricultural zones, for the occurrence of CL; these findings also suggest the importance of shrub coverage. Furthermore, urban functionality was a socio-economic determinant independently associated with CL incidence.

Treatment costs for adults with severe mental illnesses can be contained by placing providers at financial risk. However, risk arrangements may also increase treatment costs borne by other payers including charity services and self-pay. Evaluating the impact of at-risk financing mechanisms from a public health perspective requires assessing cost shifting, particularly for pharmaceuticals.

Understanding the distribution of societal costs is essential in evaluating health care financing strategies. For adults with mental illnesses, efforts to manage Medicaid expenditures may result in substituting individual and family resources for Medicaid services. Government must focus on the distribution of societal costs since risk-based financing strategies may redistribute costs across the fragmented human services sector and result in unintended system inefficiencies.

Estructura del mercado laboral colombiano; Segmentación de mercado; Análisis de correspondencias múltiples Resumen A pesar del creciente nivel educativo y de participación laboral, varios estudios indican que en Colombia las condiciones laborales difieren según el género. Este trabajo, basado en el análisis de correspondencias múltiples aplicado a datos de la Gran Encuesta Integrada de Hogares en 2007 y 2014, tiene por objetivo estudiar la segmentación por género del mercado laboral colombiano a través de mapas perceptuales sociales que permitan comparar la estructura general de dichos mercados y observar su evolución en el tiempo. Los resultados soportan la tesis de mercado laboral segmentado, con claras diferencias tanto en salarios como en sectores y condiciones de empleo y con un cierto rezago en la evolución del mercado laboral de las mujeres.