The objective of this research was to assess the manner in which the presence of green soybean seeds affects their physiological quality. In this study, six lots of soybean seeds of cultivar 5958RSF IPRO with 0, 0, 7, 8, 16 and 18% of green seeds were examined. The tests done included the first germination count, germination, electrical conductivity, field emergence, accelerated aging, emergence speed index, Tetrazolium, length, dry mass and seedling growth curve. Results were tested employing the normality test and analysis of variance, and the means were compared by the Tukey test at 5% probability level, employing the Rbio statistical program. Growth data were analyzed by the nonlinear regression analytical method, using the SigmaPlot 12.0 software. The viability and vigor of the greenish seeds were confirmed to reveal higher deterioration, proportional to the percentage of seeds in which the cotyledons had green pigmentation, indicating that the presence of chlorophyll caused the physiological quality of the soybean seeds to decrease.
Sesame is considered an alternative crop for small and medium farmers in the Brazilian Northeast region. However, under the conditions of the northeastern semi-arid region, the scarcity of good quality water for irrigation may lead to a reduction in the quality of the final product. This study aimed to evaluate the physiological quality of sesame seeds produced under levels of soil salinity. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, in a 5 × 5 factorial scheme, with three replicates, corresponding to sesame cultivars (BRS Seda, BRS G2, BRS G3, BRS G4 and BRS Anahi) and soil salinity levels with the following values for electrical conductivity: 0.6 dS m-1, 1.2 dS m-1, 1.8 dS m-1, 2.4 dS m-1 and 3.0 dS m-1. The physiological quality was characterized based on tests of germination, first germination count, germination speed index, radicle length, seed electrical conductivity, emergence, emergence speed index and seedling dry matter. BRS Seda, BRS G2 and BRS G3, cultivated under salinity levels, present seeds with a better physiological quality, demonstrating a higher tolerance to salt stress conditions. The BRS Seda and BRS G2 cultivars tolerate salinity levels of up to 2.4 dS m-1, while BRS G3 tolerates levels of up to 1.8 dS m-1. BRS G4 and BRS Anahi have the physiological quality of their seeds compromised by the increase in the soil salinity, during their production.
<p>A cultura do feijão-vagem possui ampla adaptação edafoclimática, podendo ser cultivado durante todo o ano em grande parte dos estados brasileiros, entretanto, fatores como o manejo do solo, sendo este fundamental para obtenção de maior sucesso de produção e o volume inadequado da água de irrigação limita sua produção principalmente nas regiões semiáridas. Com isso, o presente trabalho objetivou avaliar a influência de fontes de adubação orgânica no desenvolvimento do feijão-vagem cv. ‘Macarrão’ submetido a diferentes níveis de água de irrigação. Os tratamentos avaliados foram: duas fontes de adubação orgânica (esterco caprino e bovino) mais a testemunha (sem adubação) e quatro níveis de água de irrigação (40%; 60%; 80% e 100% da capacidade de campo). Foi adotado o delineamento experimental em blocos casualisados, com arranjo fatorial 3 x 4, sendo o primeiro fator as fontes de adubação orgânica mais a ausência da mesma e o segundo fator os quatro níveis de água de irrigação, com quatro repetições totalizando 48 unidades experimentais. Aos 40 dias após a semeadura foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: diâmetro do colo, número de folhas, comprimento da raiz, massa fresca da parte aérea, massa fresca da raiz, massa fresca total, massa seca da parte aérea, massa seca da raiz e massa seca total. Plantas de feijão-vagem cv. ‘macarrão’ apresenta maior desenvolvimento quando cultivada a 100% da capacidade de campo, onde associada a adubação orgânica via esterco caprino favorece a produção de plantas com maior qualidade.</p><p align="center"><strong><em>Influence of organic fertilizer in the development of snap beans in different irrigation water levels</em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract</strong><strong>: </strong>The snap bean crop has extensive edaphoclimatic adaptation and can be grown throughout the year in most Brazilian states, However, factors such as soil management, which is critical to getting the most successful production and inadequate volume of irrigation water limits its production mainly in semiarid regions. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the influence of sources of organic fertilizer in the development of plants of bean pod cv. 'Macaroni' under different irrigation water levels. The treatments were: two sources of organic fertilizer (manure goats and cattle) more witness (without fertilizer) and four irrigation water levels (40%, 60%, 80% and 100% of field capacity). The experimental design was adopted in randomized blocks with factorial 3 x 4, the first factor the organic fertilizer more witness thereof and the second factor the four irrigation water levels, with four repetitions totaling 48 experimental units. At 40 days after sowing the following variables were evaluated: stem diameter, number of leaves, root length, fresh weight of aerial part, fresh root mass, total fresh mass, shoot dry weight, root dry mass and total dry mass. plants of bean pod cv. 'Macaroni' It has higher development when grown to 100% field capacity related to irrigation water, where associated with organic fertilizer via goat manure favors the production of plants with higher quality.</p>
Physalis peruviana L. has great nutritional value and economic viability, representing an innovation for Brazilian horticulture. However, knowing the ideal point of harvesting fruits of this species is a key factor in this process that allows maximum post-harvest utilization, providing better quality and minimal losses when the fruit is harvested at physiological maturity. Therefore, this study was conducted to characterize the physiological maturity of Physalis peruviana L. fruits. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design in which the treatmentscorresponded to different stages of fruit and seed maturation (20, 27, 34, and 41 days after anthesis [DAA]), with four replicates. The analyzed variables consisted of colorimetry (lightness, chroma and hue angle) of calyx and fruit; fresh weight, diameter (transverse and longitudinal), firmness, pH, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, total soluble solids:titratable acidity ratio, vitamin C and phenolic compounds of fruits; and carotenoids and chlorophyll (a and b) of calyx. The obtained data were subjected to analysis of variance and polynomial regression. Fruits intended for consumption must be harvested after 35 DAA, at which time yellow color and excellent organoleptic and nutritional qualities were observed.
The cultivation of melon is one of the main agricultural activities in Northeast Brazil, adapting well to the environmental conditions of the region. Local varieties, also called creoles, are widely used in domestic consumption, including cucumber melons. However, one of the limiting factors for agricultural production in the region is the salinity of the soils and water used for irrigation, directly interfering with the germination process of the seeds. In this context, the objective was to evaluate the influence of salinity on the germination and evolution of the imbibition process of cucumber melon seeds. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with five electrical conductivities of irrigation water (ECw = 0.0; 0.5; 1.5; 3.5 and 4.5 dS m-1), with four replications of 50 seeds. The seed water absorption and increment curve and the percentage, first count, average speed index, average time, average speed and relative germination frequency were evaluated. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and, in cases of significance, regression analysis. The cucumber melon is tolerant to salinity, but the vigor of the seeds is reduced with the increase of CEa. The water absorption lasts for 41 hours and the increment of 0.013 g of water per seed until root protrusion begins. In the evolution of the imbibition of the seeds, an extension of the duration of the process was observed with the increase of the saline concentrations.
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