This study aimed to determining the manner in which salinity influenced the growth of the macroalgae Gracilaria birdiae, with the objective of identifying its tolerance limits to this abiotic variable. The specimens were submitted to nutrient-enriched water of varying salinities (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 ppt) for a 30-day period. Initially, under extreme salinity conditions (0 and 60 ppt) the growth of the G. birdiae suffered a negative impact. The macroalgae biomass exposed to 0 and 10 ppt salinities showed a reduction from day six until the experiment was completed. The macroalgae biomass exposed to salinities 20, 30, 40, and 50 ppt showed an increase, with no significant differences between the four treatments. This suggested that this salinity range was comfortable for this species to develop. We concluded that salinity is a crucial parameter which controls the growth of the G. birdiae. This seaweed was negatively influenced when exposed to values equal to or below 10 ppt and equal to 60 ppt, demonstrating good tolerance to salinities of 20, 30, 40 and 50 ppt.
O ciclo PDCA é uma ferramenta aplicada na melhoria de processos de gestão caracterizado por ser um método de melhoria da qualidade por meio de um sistema de ciclo contínuo, onde a qualidade subirá um novo nível a partir da conclusão de cada ciclo. As indústrias de pescado desenvolvem, em muitos países, um papel importante na economia, gerado pela abundância, diversidade de espécies e qualidade nutricional. Atualmente passam por grandes desafios para superar e atender a demanda do consumidor perante a qualidade, segurança alimentar e impactos socioambientais gerada pela atividade, além da adequação da legislação sobre a qualidade do pescado. Toda indústria de pescado deve estar de acordo com Procedimentos Operacionais Padronizados (POP), Procedimentos Padrão de Higiene Operacional (PPHO) e Boas Práticas de Fabricação (BPF), os quais são exigências para o sistema de Análises de Perigos e Pontos Críticos de Controle-HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points) que, integrados, formam a base da administração da segurança e qualidade de uma instituição da área de alimentos. Dessa forma, o ciclo PDCA é utilizada como ferramenta para implantação dessas ferramentas nas indústrias.
The present study evaluated a polyculture system with Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and the macroalga Gracilaria birdiae and its potential to remove nutrients. The experimental design consisted of a shrimp monoculture of 100 animals/m2 (T0) and three multitrophic cultures with L. vannamei (100 animals/m2) and with G. birdiae at densities of 500 (T500), 1000 (T1000), and 2000 (T2000) g/m2. Nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations decreased at the beginning of the experiment in the treatments with macroalgae, but this reduction was not maintained throughout the cultivation period. The stable values of G. birdiae biomass were perhaps related to the high turbidity of the water. There was an increase in shrimp biomass during cultivation, which reached the final individual averages of 7.5 g (T0), 7.6 g (T500), 5.9 g (T1000), and 7.5 g (T2000), with no significant differences between treatments. Nevertheless, the absence of macroalgae growth provides no added profit for the producer. Thus, there is no economic advantage in using G. birdiae in an integrated multitrophic system with L. vannamei at a high density and conditions of high water turbidity.
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