IntroductionREM sleep deprivation increases unstimulated erections in rats, and total
sleep deprivation increases erections during audiovisual sexual stimulation
in men, but the effects of sleep problems on human unstimulated sexual
arousal are unknown.ObjectiveWe examined the associations of subjective sleep quality with unstimulated
sexual arousal, satisfaction with sex life, and sexual frequency and desire
over the past month.Methods275 Portuguese (169 women) reported their anxiety, sexual arousal and sexual
desire during a resting state, and completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality
Index, the sexual satisfaction subscale of the LiSat scale, the Desire
dimensions of the Female Sexual Function Index (women only) and
International Index of Erectile Function (men only). They additionally
reported how many days in the past month they engaged in penile-vaginal
intercourse, noncoital sex, and masturbation. Salivary testosterone (T) was
assayed by luminescence immunoassays.ResultsPoorer sleep quality correlated with greater unstimulated sexual arousal in
men with higher T levels and in women with higher T levels not taking oral
contraceptives. In women with lower T, poorer subjective sleep quality
correlated with greater sexual dissatisfaction. In both sexes, sleep quality
was uncorrelated with sexual desire and sexual frequency over the past
month.DiscussionConsistently with other studies in humans and animals, the findings are
congruent with the notion that lack of sleep can increase sexual arousal,
but not sexual frequency. T might play a role in the sexual arousal caused
by lack of appropriate sleep.
Self-forgetfulness is a facet of self-transcendence characterized by tendency to experience altered states of consciousness. We examined associations of self-forgetfulness with sexual desire and frequency. Two hundred sixty-one Portuguese men and women completed the self-forgetfulness subscale of the Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised, a measure of openness to experience, and a questionnaire on desired and actual frequency of vaginal intercourse, noncoital sex, and masturbation in the past month. In simple and partial correlations controlling for openness to experience and relationship status, women's self-forgetfulness correlated with desired frequency of intercourse and noncoital sex. For men, self-forgetfulness correlated with actual frequency of intercourse and noncoital sex.
The aim of this study is to examine the effects of having personal experience and information about hypnosis over the beliefs and attitudes toward hypnosis, using a sample of students from Spain, United States, Portugal and Romania. The factor structure of the Revised Valencia Scale of Attitudes and Beliefs toward Hypnosis-Client Version, as well as its psychometric properties are also analyzed. An exploratory factor analysis of the scale was conducted and an 8-factor model solution similar to the one found in other versions of this scale was obtained: Help, Personal Control, Magical Solution, Interest, Collaboration, Fear, Memory/Trance and Marginal. Results also indicated that participants who had previously experienced hypnosis and/or based their knowledge of hypnosis on scientifi c sources scored, in general, higher in factors indicating positive attitudes and correct beliefs about hypnosis.
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