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Residual stresses induced by orthogonal cutting in AISI 316L standard and resulfurized steels have been investigated, with attention given to the role played by the cutting parameters, such as cutting speed, feed rate, tool geometry and tool coating. Depth pro®les of residual stress have been determined using the X-ray diffraction technique. The effect of cutting conditions and tool nature on residual stresses are analyzed in association with thermal and mechanical events, recorded during the cutting tests. The tool temperature distribution has been determined by a speci®c CCD infrared camera technique and the cutting forces by a Kistler table set up on the lathe. # 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.

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This paper presents an overview of the past research on Surface Integrity (SI) studies in the context of machined components from a range of work materials including stainless steels, Ni and Ti alloys, hardened steels for dies and moulds, bearings and automotive applications. Typical surface alterations such as phase transformations, microhardness and residual stress are discussed and correlated with the functional performance of the machined products. A summary of past and current modelling efforts is then presented along with projections for developing predictive models for SI and means for enhancing product sustainability in terms of its functional performance.

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