Please cite this article as: Baeza-Brotons F, Garcés P, Payá J, Saval JM, Portland cement systems with addition of sewage sludge ash. Application in concretes for the manufacture of blocks, Journal of Cleaner Production (2014), doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.06.072. This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. M A N U S C R I P T A C C E P T E D ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT Highlights 1. Sewage sludge ashes (SSA) were used for preparing dry consistency concrete 2. SSA-concrete blocks were fabricated and fully characterized 3. Addition of SSA (up to 20% of weight of cement) was successfully achieved 4. In blocks containing SSA, good water absorption behavior was achieved 5. A new valorization way for SSA could be implemented in the construction industry M A N U S C R I P T A C C E P T E D ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 16This study analyzes the viability of using sewage sludge ash (SSA) as a raw material in the 17 composition of concrete, with a similar dosage to when it is used to manufacture blocks, therefore, 18with dry consistency given the type of the industrial process of these precast. These ashes are a serious
Using durable materials is a sustainable solution for extending the lifetime of constructions. The use of crystalline admixtures makes cementitious materials more durable. They plug pores, capillary tracts and microcracks, blocking the entrance of water due to the formation of crystals that prevent the penetration of liquids. The literature has covered the performance of these admixtures on concrete, but studies on mortars are still scarce. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of an aggressive environment (sulphuric acid solution—3 wt%) on mortars produced with different percentages of a crystalline admixture (1%, 1.5% and 2% by weight of cement content). Physical and mechanical properties were studied after immersing the mortars in a H2SO4 solution for 90 days. It was found that, after a 90-day sulphuric acid exposure, mortars with the crystalline admixture showed greater compressive strength than the control mortar, besides exhibiting lower mass loss. However, the crystalline admixture did not produce any significant effect on the capillary water absorption coefficient. In a nonaggressive environment, and in the short term, the crystalline admixture did not have a significant effect on the compressive strength, the capillary water absorption coefficient or the ultrasonic pulse velocity.
ABSTRACT:The present study explored the technological feasibility of re-using sewage sludge ash (SSA) as a Portland cement replacement in commercially manufactured pre cast concrete blocks. The blocks analysed were made to the guidelines laid down in Spain's National Plan for Waste Water Treatment Plant Sludge, 2001Sludge, -2006, and European Union specifications (CE marking) for such products. Performance was compared in three families of blocks, with 0, 10 and 20% SSA. The findings proved that SSA is apt for pre cast concrete block manufacture and that, in addition to the economic and environmental benefits afforded, its use would improve certain of the properties of conventional block. RESUMEN: Uso potencial de ceniza de lodo de depuradora (CLD) como sustitución de cemento en bloques dehormigón prefabricados.El objetivo de esta investigación es estudiar el uso potencial de las cenizas de lodos de depuradora (CLD), como sustitución del cemento Portland en bloques de hormigón prefabricados, de forma que se pueda lograr una revalorización de este material de desecho mediante este procedimiento. La metodología utilizada en este trabajo se rige por las directrices del Plan Nacional Español de Lodos de Aguas Residuales de 2001-2006, y por las exigencias del Consejo Europeo (marcado CE), que es obligatorio para este tipo de productos. Se han utilizado dos niveles de sustitución de cemento (10% y 20%), y todos los resultados han sido referidos a las muestras control. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que es posible utilizar una sustitución parcial del cemento por CLD, en la fabricación de bloques de hormigón prefabricados, y por lo tanto, se pueden conseguir beneficios económicos y ambientales, así como la mejora de una serie de propiedades.
Binary and ternary combinations of sewage sludge ash (SSA) with marble dust (MD), fly ash (FA) and rice husk ash (RHA) as replacement in Portland cement pastes, were assessed. Several tests were carried out at different curing ages: thermogravimetry, density, water absorption, ultrasonic pulse velocity and mechanical strengths. Pozzolanic effects of the mineral admixtures, densities similar to control sample and improved absorptions when combining waste materials were identified. In general, the compressive strength reaches or exceeds the cement strength class, and blending SSA, FA and RHA (30% cement replacement) increase of strength by 9%, compared to the control sample, was achieved.
Aragonés, L.; López, I.; Villacampa, Y.; Serra, J.C., and Saval, J.M., 2015. New methodology for the classification of gravel beaches: Adjusted on Alicante (Spain).
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