BackgroundViral hepatitis B (VHB) is an occupational risk for dentists. It is necessary that dental students start clinical practice immunized with the vaccine, response monitored and informed about the means of transmission of the disease. Rarely, there are studies, which evaluate concomitantly knowledge of these academics and their vaccine situation.ObjectivesTo evaluate the knowledge about Hepatitis B, the vaccine situation and the immunization status of dental students and to investigate the probable correlation between the status of immunization, vaccination membership and adherence to the test of seroconversion and associated factors.Patients and Methods189 students from the dentistry course at the Federal University of Piaui (UFPI) who attended from the 3rd to 9th period were invited to participate in the research. Their knowledge about HBV, attitude regarding protection and their vaccine situation were assessed through a self-administered form. Antibodies against surface antigens of Hepatitis B virus (Anti-HBs) and against the antigens of the virus nucleous of Hepatitis B (Anti-HBc total) were measured qualitatively using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsOf the 179 students surveyed, 58.1% knew about the degree of virulence of the Hepatitis B virus (HBV). As to the means of transmission, 98.3% considered blood transmission, 82.6% plates and cutlery, 15.6% cough and 12.3% vertical transmission. Most students (87.4%) knew that they should take 3 doses of the vaccine and 62.2% completed the immunization schedule. A minority of students (48.6%) knew the about the Anti-HBs test and 5.6% took the test. Among the students who reported having taken three doses of the vaccine, 12.5% were not seroconverted. There was no significant correlation between the variables.ConclusionsDental academics were unsure about the means of infection and prevention against HBV. Many of them had not completed the immunization scheme and did not have the test of seroconversion. The serological analysis revealed unprotection, even after students completed the vaccination schedule.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Dysmenorrhea is a set of painful manifestations appearing the day before or during the first menstrual cycle day. Pilates is a series of exercises based on progressive movements the body is able to perform. This study aimed at comparing pain in women with primary dysmenorrhea before and after being submitted to Pilates. METHOD: This is a descriptive, experimental study with longitudinal characteristic and quantitative approach. A clinical evaluation was performed in10 Physical Therapy students, Center of Unified Teaching, Teresina (CEUT), aged between 18 and 30 years, with primary dysmenorrhea, who were submitted to a protocol of 16 Pilates floor and ball exercises aimed at the pelvic region. Pain intensity was evaluated by the visual analog scale and pain characteristics were evaluated by the McGill questionnaire. RESULTS: Mean pain value during menstrual cycle before treatment was 7.89 ± 1.96, and after treatment it was 2.56 ± 0.56 (p < 0.001). McGill questionnaire has shown significant improvement of all pain components after treatment: sensory (p < 0.001), affective (p < 0.005), evaluative (p < 0.001) and miscellaneous (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Pilates, as physical activity practice, has provided improvement of symptoms associated to primary dysmenorrhea, positively interfering with decreasing pain and representing a promising non-pharmacological alternative.

Uma importante consequência do envelhecimento é o aumento do número de idosos com dependência funcional e propensão a quedas. Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo correlacionar o risco de quedas com a autonomia funcional em idosos institucionalizados na cidade de Teresina-PI. O modelo de estudo adotado foi observacional, descritivo e transversal, tendo sido realizado em três instituições de longa permanência, com 47 idosos. Os instrumentos da pesquisa foram a escala de equilíbrio de Berg (EEB) e o índice de Katz. Observou-se que o gênero feminino apresentou pior desempenho funcional médio quando comparado ao masculino (34,95 ± 16,22 vs 47,07 ± 11,67; p<0,01) e houve correlação positiva e forte (r=0,735 e p<0,001) entre os escores da EEB e o índice de Katz. Houve forte correlação entre as duas escalas no estudo, ou seja, quanto melhor o resultado da escala de equilíbrio de Berg, melhor o desempenho nas atividades básicas de vida diária e vice-versa.

This work evaluated the anti-inflammatory response of low-power light-emitting diode (LED) and ultrasound (US) therapies and the quality and rapidness of tendon repair in an experimental model of tendinitis, employing histomorphometry and Raman spectroscopy. Tendinitis was induced by collagenase into the right tendon of 35 male Wistar rats with an average weight of 230 g. The animals were randomly separated into seven groups of five animals each: tendinitis without treatment-control (TD7 and TD14, where 1 and 2 indicated sacrifice on the 7th and 14th day, respectively), tendinitis submitted to US therapy (US7 and US14) and tendinitis submitted to LED therapy (LED7 and LED14). Contralateral tendons of the TD group at the 14th day were used as the healthy group (H). US treatment was applied in pulsed mode at 10 %, 1 MHz frequency, 0.5 W/cm(2), 120 s. LED therapy parameters were 4 J/cm(2), 120 s, daily dose at the same time and same point. Sacrifice was performed on the 7th or 14th day. Histomorphometric analysis showed lower number of fibroblasts on the 14th day of therapy for the US-treated group, compared to the TD and LED, indicating lower tissue inflammation. Raman showed that the LED group had an increase in the amount of collagen I and III from the 7th to the 14th day, which would indicate more organized fibers and a better quality of the healing, and US showed lower collagen I synthesis in the 14th day compared to H, indicating a lower tissue reorganization.

Introdução: O ultrassom terapêutico acelera o reparo do tendão. Objetivos: Estudar a ação do ultrassom em tendinite experimental por análises histomorfométrica e histopatológica. Método: Vinte e cinco ratos Wistar, 220-250 g, foram divididos em três grupos experimentais (7 e 14 dias): A7 e A14, tendinite induzida sem tratamento; B7 e B14, tendinite induzida tratada com ultrassom pulsado de 1 MHz a 10% 0, 5 W/cm², e C, o grupo sem indução de tendinite. Resultados: A histomorfometria mostrou-se altamente significativa (p <0,001) do ultrassom em contra-relógio de 14 dias, comparado com o grupo saudável (C), e muito significativamente em comparação com o mesmo grupo tendinite (A7 e A14) (p <0,01). Conclusão: A histologia e a histomorfometria demonstraram qualitativa e quantitativamente, um aumento do número de fibroblastos, em sete dias, e das fibras de colágeno, em 14 dias, para o grupo tratado com ultrassom em relação ao tendinite.

Fatores que influenciam as relações familiares e sociais de jovens após a gestaçãoFactors affecting young mothers' social and family relations after pregnancy Factores que afectan las relaciones familiares y sociales de jóvenes después del embarazo

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Precise estimates about the prevalence of low back pain in college students, especially in physiotherapy students, are necessary to evaluate their development landscape, producing global health indicators for the investigated group and preventing habits that can accelerate the generation of the pain incapacitation process. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the factors associated with low back pain in physiotherapy students. METHODS: A total of 410 undergraduate students were surveyed, answering questionnaires relating to socio-demographic data, health aspects, lifestyle and the Nordic Questionnaire for Musculoskeletal Symptoms to determine the presence of low back pain. RESULTS: The prevalence of low back pain reported in the last year was 56.3% (95% CI: 51.5-61.2) and was associated with social class A and B, having an occupation, visited the doctor in the last 12 months, self-report of low back pain and to the year in course. CONCLUSION: There was a high prevalence of low back pain in university students, so it is suggested that some measures are incorporated to understand the magnitude of the effects caused by this pain, and consequently find the best preventive and intervention strategies.

Background: COVID-19 diagnosis is a critical problem, mainly due to the lack or delay in the test results. We aimed to obtain a model to predict SARS-CoV-2 infection in suspected patients reported to the Brazilian surveillance system. Methods: We analyzed suspected patients reported to the National Surveillance System that corresponded to the following case definition: patients with respiratory symptoms and fever, who traveled to regions with local or community transmission or who had close contact with a suspected or confirmed case. Based on variables routinely collected, we obtained a multiple model using logistic regression. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and accuracy indicators were used for validation. Results: We described 1468 COVID-19 cases (confirmed by RT-PCR) and 4271 patients with other illnesses. With a data subset, including 80% of patients from Sao Paulo (SP) and Rio Janeiro (RJ), we obtained a function which reached an AUC of 95.54% (95% CI: 94.41% -96.67%) for the diagnosis of COVID-19 and accuracy of 90.1% (sensitivity 87.62% and specificity 92.02%). In a validation dataset including the other 20% of patients from SP and RJ, this model exhibited an AUC of 95.01% (92.51% -97.5%) and accuracy of 89.47% (sensitivity 87.32% and specificity 91.36%). Conclusion: We obtained a model suitable for the clinical diagnosis of COVID-19 based on routinely collected surveillance data. Applications of this tool include early identification for specific treatment and isolation, rational use of laboratory tests, and input for modeling epidemiological trends.