The rate of temporal retinal vascularisation is a quantifiable observation that can help to alert a clinician that treatment of retinopathy of prematurity may be required. However, before becoming a new standard of care for treatment, it requires careful documentation, with agreement between several ophthalmologists.
Importance: Vascular delay that occurs early in the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a risk factor that can be compensated by ensuring a good rate of retinal vascularization to avoid ROP that requires treatment. Background: The objective of the present study was to determine the association between ROP that requires treatment and risk factors such as the extent of the temporal avascular area of the retina and the number of days of mechanical ventilation (MV). Design: Observational retrospective case-control study. Participants: Two hundred and twenty-eight premature newborns included in the screening protocol for retinopathy of prematurity. Methods: Subjects underwent retinal examination in the 4 and 6th postnatal weeks. Main Outcome Measures : The temporal avascular area was measured in disc diameters (DD), while the MV time was measured in days of treatment. Results: Patients with a longer MV time had a higher risk of treatment (R 2 : 24.7, p < 0.0001; increase in risk of 8.1% for each additional day), as did those who showed greater avascular area (R 2 : 24.7, p < 0.0001; increase in risk of 111% for each additional DD). An online calculator system and a table are presented for calculating the risk of ROP requiring treatment as a function of these two risk factors. Conclusions and Relevance: The temporal avascular area of the retina and MV time must be taken into account in the first examination of the newborn to predict the need for ROP treatment.
Purpose. The goal was to describe our experience in the surgical management and treatment of four patients with congenital upper eyelid colobomas. Methods. A descriptive, observational, retrospective study was performed including patients with congenital eyelid colobomas referred to Asociación para Evitar la Ceguera en México I.A.P. “Dr. Luis Sánchez Bulnes” between 2004 and 2014 and assessed by the Oculoplastics and Orbit Service. Results. The four cases required surgical treatment of the eyelid defects before one year of age and their evolution was monitored from the time of referral to the present day. One of the patients needed a second surgical procedure to repair the eyelid defect and correct the strabismus. Conclusions. Eyelid colobomas are a potential threat to vision at an early age, which requires close monitoring of the visual development of patients.
Objective. The objective was to study the risk and protective factors involved in retinal vascular development of preterm infants with retinopathy of prematurity. Methods. Between 2000 and 2017, 185 preterm infants were included in the protocol for retinopathy of prematurity. Risk factors associated with speed of retinal vascularization <0.5 disc diameter/week were studied in each of them. Results. The statistically significant variables related to retinal vascular development <0.5 DD/w were intubation days, degree 3 of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, weight gain at 4-6 weeks, avascular temporal area, gestational age, number of transfusions, sepsis, number of risk factors, apnea at birth, presence of ductus arteriosus, and days of continuous positive airway pressure therapy. After the multivariate logistic regression analysis, only three variables were found to be significant: intubation days (p=0.005), degree 3 of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (p=0.022), and weight gain at 4–6 weeks (p=0.031). Conclusion. In retinopathy of prematurity, degree 3 of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and intubation days cause delayed retinal vascular development, whereas greater postnatal weight gain favors an appropriate rate of retinal vascularization.
To determine whether protein change affects crying behaviour and whether this could be mediated by change in intestinal gas production, 32 normal 4-wk-old infants entered a randomized controlled trial consisting of two 8day feeding periods (FP1 & FP2). During FP1, all infants received cow's milk-lactose formula. During FP2, control infants continued cow's milk but experimental infants received soy-lactose formula. Parents blind to the study hypothesis recorded 6 behaviors (including cry/fuss) by pretested diaries. To monitor gas prcduction, breath hydrogen (H2) samples were taken over 4 hr. on days 1,4 & 7 of FP1, and 2,3,6 & 8 of FP2. Mean duration (min/24 hr) and frequency (epidsodes/24 hr) of cry/fuss behavior and average 4-hr HZ excretion (ppn) were calculated for each feeding perid. Compared to FP1, cry/fuss duration in FP2 was reduced 14 min/24 hr on soy, and 7 min/24 hr on cow's milk, a non-significant interaction (groups x formula period ANOVA:F=.35;df 1,3Cj;p=.56). Similarly, there was no significant r d~ tion for cry/fuss frequency (.3 vs .7 fewer episcdes/24 hr for soy and cow's milk, respectively: F=.l4;df 1,30;p=.71). Finally, H2 decreased 9 ppn after change to soy, canpared to a 3 ppn increase on cow's milk in FP2, also non-significant (F=2.34;df 1,30;p=.14). Conclusion: The change in formula protein from cow's milk to soy did not reduce duration or frequency of cry/fuss behavior at 4-6 wks of age, nor did it reduce intestinal gas production. The findings do not support use of soy protein to change cry behavior in normal infants.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.