Colour always played a role in the human evolutionary process and has been used as a way of expression. But the time, the lack of maintenance and abandonment, the lack of studies related to the presence of polychromy in architecture and the nineteenth-century idea of eliminating building plasters to expose stone and brick have caused many to ignore and forgotten the presence of colour in historical buildings. In most cases disappear leaving only traces of colours. For this reason the aim of this research is study the polychromy on stone of a 16th century gothic Portal in the Cathedral of Santo Domingo. Analyses were performed using non-destructive techniques as Transmission Polarized Light Microscopy (PLM), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy / Energy Dispersive Elemental Analysis X-Ray (SEM/EDX), Gas Chromatography (GC) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). To determinate the colour was used a CIELAB System and Munsell Colour System. In conclusion patinas yellow, ochre, red, green and blue colours; and pigmented successive layers of plaster and lime was found. Remains of these layers of polychromies are also spread throughout many areas of the Cathedral.
Se describen diversas variedades de areniscas y calizas no pulimentadas empleadas habitualmente en la costrucción, indicando en que terrenos aparecen y como se deterioran. RESUME On a effectué la description de différentes variétées de et de roches calcaires non poulies employées habituellement dans la construction, en indiquant les terrains dans lesquels ils apparaisent ainsi que leurs altérations.
<p>Este colegio, fundado por el cardenal Cisneros en 1498 es el corazón de la Universidad de Alcalá. Su fachada es Monumento Nacional desde 1914. Las restauraciones del siglo XX permitieron conservarla, pero el deterioro de algunos materiales empleados en ellas, provocó 75 años después el desprendimiento de fragmentos de piedra con riesgo de accidente y de pérdidas irrecuperables en sus valiosas tallas y pátinas históricas. La última restauración (2016-2017) ha analizado los materiales y las técnicas con los que se edificó y restauró en la intervención histórica de principios del siglo XX. Desde entonces, se ha intervenido sobre ella para garantizar la conservación de sus diferentes tipos de piedra y de las pátinas preservadas en las zonas más resguardadas que, una vez recuperadas, ayudan a comprender mejor el carácter original de esta obra fundamental de la arquitectura plateresca española.</p>
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