Cyber-security is the practice of protecting computing systems and networks from digital attacks, which are a rising concern in the Information Age. With the growing pace at which new attacks are developed, conventional signature based attack detection methods are often not enough, and machine learning poses as a potential solution. Adversarial machine learning is a research area that examines both the generation and detection of adversarial examples, which are inputs specially crafted to deceive classifiers, and has been extensively studied specifically in the area of image recognition, where minor modifications are performed on images that cause a classifier to produce incorrect predictions. However, in other fields, such as intrusion and malware detection, the exploration of such methods is still growing. The aim of this survey is to explore works that apply adversarial machine learning concepts to intrusion and malware detection scenarios. We concluded that a wide variety of attacks were tested and proven effective in malware and intrusion detection, although their practicality was not tested in intrusion scenarios. Adversarial defenses were substantially less explored, although their effectiveness was also proven at resisting adversarial attacks. We also concluded that, contrarily to malware scenarios, the variety of datasets in intrusion scenarios is still very small, with the most used dataset being greatly outdated.
Innovation is critical in sustaining business competitiveness and in improving productivity. In today's fast-changing business environment, constant innovation is the key to survival. The long-term viability and prosperity of an organization has a great dependence on its ability to innovate. The current scenario of economic downturn can be seen as the right moment to implement an innovation strategy and to reformulate the business strategy of a company. This article presents nine ways to change the actual business models of companies in order to attend new business opportunities and to increase their flexibility to market changes. The role of innovation in the business model framework is explored, revealing that the business model component will be a greater source of competitive advantage compared to products and services. Additionally, the role of technology on these changes is analyzed, and the increased importance of information technology in the enterprise's organization is explored.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.