We consider planar Coulomb systems consisting of a large number n of repelling point charges in the low temperature regime, where the inverse temperature β grows at least logarithmically in n as n −→ ∞, i.e., β log n.Under suitable conditions on an external potential we prove results to the effect that the gas is with high probability uniformly separated and equidistributed with respect to the corresponding equilibrium measure (in the given external field).Our results generalize earlier results about Fekete configurations, i.e., the case β = ∞. There are also several auxiliary results which could be of independent interest. For example, our method of proof of equidistribution (a variant of "Landau's method") works for general families of configurations which are uniformly separated and which satisfy certain sampling and interpolation inequalities.
Forty-six cases of nosocomial infection caused by Burkholderia pickettii were reported between June and November 1993 in three metropolitan hospitals in Madrid. A case-control study of the outbreak was conducted to identify its cause. Seventy-four percent of the patients were males; the mean age +/- SD of the patients was 54 +/- 20 years. Sixty-five percent of the patients presented with some gastrointestinal disorder, and 80% had a peripheral catheter; 98% were treated with intravenous fluids, and 96% were treated with intravenous ranitidine. On the basis of results of a descriptive study and knowledge of the epidemiologic features of B. pickettii, a provisional causal hypothesis was formulated: intravenous ranitidine was the source of the outbreak. As a control measure, it was advised to stop treatment with this drug. On the basis of results of logistic regression and the microbiological isolation of B. pickettii in an ampule of the drug, we concluded that intravenous ranitidine was the cause of the outbreak.
The study of endothelial dysfunction by positron emission tomography (PET) allows a non-invasive evaluation of the endothelium's role in the maintenance of tone and vascular homeostasis, thus the determination of regional myocardial flow, myocardial flow reserve, endothelium dependent vasodilatory index and inflammation level in the vascular wall in atherosclerosis and autoimmune diseases.Endothelial dysfunction results in significantly impaired physiological responses that often lead to the development of coronary atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease (CAD).PET allows the early recognition of endothelial dysfunction in order to evaluate a possible and beneficial response to medical interventions in the atherosclerosis process. This can help to establish a prognosis based in the early detection of patients at risk of CAD and offers the opportunity for early treatment.This article reviews the current knowledge regarding a non-invasive assessment for endothelial dysfunction and proposes the potential use of this promising technique for early detection of this prognostic marker in the coronary atherosclerotic process.
This article considers the relation between the spanning properties of lattice orbits of discrete series representations and the associated lattice co-volume. The focus is on the density theorem, which provides a trichotomy characterizing the existence of cyclic vectors and separating vectors, and frames and Riesz sequences. We provide an elementary exposition of the density theorem, that is based solely on basic tools from harmonic analysis, representation theory, and frame theory, and put the results into context by means of examples.
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