Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors may be managed conservatively in elderly patients by either monitoring them with imaging studies or treating them with somatostatin analogs. In the case of digestive tract tumors (stomach, duodenum, and rectum) that meet the criteria for endoscopic resection, this is a reliable and safe technique in the long term.
AIMTo evaluate the rate of adverse events (AEs) during consecutive gastric and duodenal polypectomies in several Spanish centers.METHODSPolypectomies of protruded gastric or duodenal polyps ≥ 5 mm using hot snare were prospectively included. Prophylactic measures of hemorrhage were allowed in predefined cases. AEs were defined and graded according to the lexicon recommended by the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. Patients were followed for 48 h, one week and 1 mo after the procedure.RESULTS308 patients were included and a single polypectomy was performed in 205. Only 36 (11.7%) were on prior anticoagulant therapy. Mean polyp size was 15 ± 8.9 mm (5-60) and in 294 cases (95.4%) were located in the stomach. Hemorrhage prophylaxis was performed in 219 (71.1%) patients. Nine patients presented AEs (2.9%), and 6 of them were bleeding (n = 6, 1.9%) (in 5 out of 6 AE, different types of endoscopic treatment were performed). Other 24 hemorrhagic episodes could be managed without any change in the outcome of the endoscopy and, consequently, were considered incidents. We did not find any independent risk factor of bleeding.CONCLUSIONGastroduodenal polypectomy using prophylactic measures has a rate of AEs small enough to consider this procedure a safe and effective method for polyp resection independently of the polyp size and location.
Introduction: Studies on the prevalence of apical periodontitis and endodontic treatment in Portugal are scarce and outdated. However, studies in other countries have shown that the prevalence of apical periodontitis is high, especially in endodontic treated teeth. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of root-filled teeth and apical periodontitis in an adult Portuguese population. Materials and methods: Panoramic radiographs of a random sample of 222 subjects over 18 years old, who had more than seven teeth, and went to the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Porto, for the first time in 2010, were examined. The number of teeth that were root-filled and the periapical status of all teeth were assessed. Results: Apical periodontitis (PAI ≥ 3) was found in 1.7% of all teeth in the population study. Out of 5.552 teeth, 215 (3.9%) had filled roots. The prevalence of apical periodontitis was greater for root-filled teeth, posterior teeth, and men. The prevalence of apical periodontitis is also increased with age. Conclusion: The prevalence of apical periodontitis in Portugal is similar to its prevalence in other European countries and is higher for root-filled teeth than for non-treated teeth. The prevalence of root-filled teeth is different for Portugal than for other countries, which may be due to the differences in healthcare services provided in various countries.
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