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Background. Healthcare workers (HCWs) exposed to coronavirus 19 are at high risk of developing mental health concerns across several domains. The aim of this study is to determine the updated, global frequency of these outcomes. Methods. A multistep literature search was performed from database inception until March 1, 2021. PRISMA/MOOSE-compliant systematic review and PROSPERO protocol were used to identify studies reporting on depression, anxiety, acute stress, post-traumatic symptoms, insomnia, and burnout in HCWs exposed to COVID-19. A quantitative meta-analysis with random effects was conducted to analyze the proportion rate of the mental health disorders. Sensitivity analyses were performed to investigate the effect of the different continents and scales. Meta-regression analyses were conducted to examine the effect of gender, age, and work position.Results. 239 articles were included (n = 271,319 HCWs, mean age = 36.08 AE 8.33 (66.99% female). 33% HCWs exposed to COVID-19 reported depressive symptoms (95% confidence intervals [CI] = 28-38%), 42% anxiety features (95% CI = 35-48), 40% acute stress (95% CI = 32-47), 32% post-traumatic symptoms (95% CI = 26-37%), 42% insomnia (95% CI = 36-48), 37% burnout (95% CI = 31-42). Sensitivity analyses did not show statistically significant differences. Meta-regressions found a statistically significant lower prevalence of post-traumatic symptoms in Asia. Conclusions. HCWs exposed to COVID-19 were found to have a significant prevalence of mental health concerns in all domains analyzed. The effects of COVID-19 on HCWs' mental health could be underestimated and the future consequences dismissed.

Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been a global challenge. High mortality rates have been reported in some risk groups, including patients with pre-existing mental disorders. Methods We used electronic health records to retrospectively identify people infected due to COVID-19 (between March 2020 and March 2021) in the three territories of the Basque Country. COVID-19 cases were defined as individuals who had tested positive on a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models and multilevel analyses with generalized estimated equations were used to determine factors associated with COVID-19-related mortality and hospital admission. Results The COVID-19 mortality rate was increased for patients with psychotic disorders [odds ratio (OR) adjusted: 1.45, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.09–1.94), p = 0.0114] and patients with substance abuse [OR adjusted: 1.88, 95% CI (1.13–3.14, p < 0.0152)]. The mortality rate was lower for patients with affective disorders [OR adjusted: 0.80, 95% CI (0.61–0.99), p = 0.0407]. Hospital admission rates due to COVID-19 were higher in psychosis [OR adjusted: 2.90, 95% CI (2.36–3.56), p < 0.0001] and anxiety disorder groups [OR adjusted: 1.54, 95% CI (1.37–1.72), p < 0.0001]. Among admitted patients, COVID-19 mortality rate was decreased for those with affective disorders rate [OR adjusted: 0.72, 95% CI (0.55–0.95), p = 0.0194]. Conclusions COVID-19-related mortality and hospitalizations rates were higher for patients with a pre-existing psychotic disorder.

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In this paper, we provide a construction of the so-called backbone decomposition for multitype supercritical superprocesses. While backbone decompositions are fairly well-known for both continuousstate branching processes and superprocesses in the one-type case, so far no such decompositions or even description of prolific genealogies have been given for the multitype cases.Here we focus on superprocesses, but by turning the movement off, we get the prolific backbone decomposition for multitype continuous-state branching processes as an easy consequence of our results.

Tradicionalmente las discusiones en torno a los derechos de los animales se han centrado en defender, con variados matices, posturas abolicionistas o regulativas. Recientemente, se ha producido un giro político en la manera de entender estos derechos que encaja mejor con un enfoque jurídico que entiende que los derechos, además de tener una dimensión moral, son instituciones jurídicas con vocación de eficacia. Esto conduce a considerar que el catálogo de los derechos de los animales debe extenderse a derechos ligados a la condición de la ciudadanía como son los derechos sociales, en concreto, el derecho a la atención sanitaria y los derechos laborales. Traditionally, discussions about animal rights have focused on defending, in different ways, abolitionist or regulatory approaches. Recently, there has been a political change in the way of understanding these rights, which fits better a legal approach that considers that rights-in addition to having a moral dimension-are also effectiveness-oriented legal institutions. This leads to considering that the range of animal rights must be extended to rights linked to the condition of citizenship, such as social rights and particularly the right to healthcare and labour rights. Derechos de los animales; derechos humanos; abolicionismo; ciudadanía; derechos sociales.

El presente trabajo analiza la propuesta de la renta básica universal partiendo de sus orígenes hasta el debate que se produce en la actualidad, donde la cuestión no se centra tanto en la fundamentación normativa de la misma, como en su viabilidad política y económica. Además, se analizan las diferencias con las rentas mínimas o el ingreso mínimo vital que fue aprobado por el Gobierno español en junio de 2020. Por último, se plantea que la renta básica universal puede jugar un papel relevante en el contexto actual de las relaciones laborales caracterizadas por su precarización, jugando como un contrapeso a la misma.