Freehand sketching is an important part of the design process that allows one to communicate in a quick and gestural way the first ideas about new concepts and is a medium for graphic thinking. It is important for architects and designers because it is a mechanism of representation, conceptualization, and abstraction for the communication between the creators and their audience. All academic courses related to industrial design include subjects aimed at acquiring skills in the use of manual tools of graphic representation, recognizing their importance in the integral training of the designer. However, sometimes the methodologies implemented in some subjects fail to develop adequately the skills of the students, who finish their studies with shortcomings in the field of graphic representation. This paper describes exercises that are part of a methodology designed to help students of industrial design acquire the skills to make an agile and effective use of freehand sketching. Through different uses of the elements of formal expression, the exercises address topics such as shape analysis, composition, light, color, and descriptive illustration. The methodology is applied experimentally in a subject of the bachelor's degree in industrial design and product development engineering at Jaume I UniversityUniversitat Jaume I, introducing the students to different instruments and techniques of sketching and proposing various enriching ways of direct observation of the objectual reality that surrounds them. The paper concludes by evaluating the positive impact of the implemented methodology.
This work presents the results of implementing a new drawing methodology in the subject 'Artistic Expression II', from Bachelor's Degree in Industrial Design and Product Development Engineering in Jaume I University, abandoning the learning of tridimensionality of objects through copying or tracing two-dimensional images. The new implemented learning strategies are centered on the one hand in allowing the students to know different instruments and techniques of sketching and, on the other hand, to practice in a more enriching way the direct and meticulous observation of everyday products. In this way, they can better understand the language of volume in space and thus be able to effectively represent the geometry of those new shapes they have in mind for product design. The paper describes the activities of the subject, the details of implemented methodology and discusses the scope of the results.
Hand drawing is a basic tool for industrial designers, as it allows them to represent and communicate concepts in an agile way during the initial design phase. Although we can find subjects related to drawing in the first years of all university degrees in industrial design, the way to implement the necessary activities is not always the most appropriate, and it may happen that, despite having practiced sketching, at the end of the course the students do not have the necessary skills to communicate their ideas effectively or adequately represent the reality that surrounds them. This paper proposes twelve groups of activities designed to help industrial design students acquire skills related to hand drawing. The activities were implemented during the second course of the Degree in Industrial Design and Product Development Engineering at Universitat Jaume I, improving those implemented during the last course. The paper analyzes and discusses the positive results of the innovations introduced, which improved the mean grade of the course by 4.48% with respect to the grade obtained the previous year.
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