Resumen. En este trabajo se presenta el diseño de una antena de parche de estructura geométrica semicircular y con un elemento parásito, para su utilización en la radiocomunicación de satélites educativos de la categoría lata (CanSat). La antena desarrollada presentó un peso mínimo de 13.2 gramos, realizada físicamente en un material que cubre los requerimientos de tipo electromagnético, impresa en un substrato FR-4, con dimensiones máximas de 54 mm de diámetro, a una frecuencia resonante de 2.4 GHz. La antena tiene un peso, aproximadamente del 2% del peso total del nano satélite (0.355 Kg). Las pérdidas por retorno S11 logradas son menores a-10 dB. Los resultandos obtenidos, como la ganancia, patrón de radiación, ancho de banda, y principalmente sus dimensiones y peso, exhiben a la antena propuesta como una gran opción para ser empleada en nanosatélites.
The installation of an RFID tag on a vehicle's windshield for Automatic Vehicle Identification AVI applications has become a challenge for RFID users and service providers, since in some situations the tag is not read properly because some customers do not follow instructions of the recommended locations for installation. This problem is because each location of the windshield provides different distances to the car hood, car roof and A-pillars, and these metallic surfaces directly interact with the radiation resistance of the tag antenna and consequently change its performance (tag read range, frequency, radiation pattern, etc). There are locations in the windshield where the read range of the tag is severely reduced and in others it is greatly benefited. In the present work, an RFID tag for vehicle windshield with the Higgs 3 chip is developed. The tag is designed to operate at the 865 MHz -868 MHz frequency band and it can be used in Europe, Asia and South Africa. It was observed that its read range is longer at any point of the windshield than that provided by the commercial RFID tag SMARTRAC DogBone with Monza 4 chip that has been well accepted internationally. In order to design the tag, the modeling of the antenna was performed by electromagnetic analysis using the method of moments, then it was prototyped and characterized directly in vehicles. It was also performed an analysis of the different locations of the windshield in order to find the best and worst locations to install the tag.
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