Las infecciones de sitio quirúrgico afectan a un tercio de los pacientes sometidos a un procedimiento de este tipo. En países de bajos y medianos recursos son más frecuentes que en los de altos recursos; las tasas de incidencia varían entre 1.2 y 23.6 por cada 100 cirugías y, en cirugía pediátrica, se reportan tasas de 12.7 por cada 100 cirugías (IC 95%: 6.7 a 20.3).
Cervical lymphadenopathy is common in pediatrics and often represents a diagnostic challenge. The incidence is diffi cult to determine because it is usually caused by a viral infection of the upper respiratory tract and is self-limited. Estimates vary from 62% in patients three weeks to sic months of age, 41% in those two to fi ve years to more than 90% in children four to eight years. Fortunately, 80 to 90% of pediatric neck lymphadenopathies are benign in nature. A complete medical history and an adequate physical examination are essential as part of the initial approach to differentiate benign lesions from malignant ones. An accurate diagnosis is essential for treatment planning as well as prognosis.
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