Growing evidence of the potential habitability of Ocean Worlds across our Solar System is motivating the advancement of technologies capable of detecting life as we know it — sharing a common ancestry or common physicochemical origin to life on Earth — or don't know it, representing a distinct genesis event of life quite different than our one known example. Here, we propose the Electronic Life-detection Instrument for Enceladus/Europa (ELIE), a solid-state single-molecule instrument payload that aims to search for life based on the detection of amino acids and informational polymers (IPs) at the parts per billion to trillion level. As a first proof-of-principle in a laboratory environment, we demonstrate single-molecule detection of the amino acid L-proline at a 10 µM concentration in a compact system. Based on ELIE's solid-state quantum electronic tunneling sensing mechanism, we further propose the quantum property of the HOMO–LUMO gap (energy difference between a molecule's highest energy occupied molecular orbital and lowest energy unoccupied molecular orbital) as a novel approach to measure amino acid complexity. Finally, we assess the potential of ELIE to discriminate between abiotically and biotically derived α-amino acids in order to reduce false positive risk for life detection. Nanogap technology can also be applied to the detection of nucleobases and short sequences of IPs such as, but not limited to, RNA and DNA. Future missions may utilize ELIE to target preserved biosignatures on the surface of Mars, extant life in its deep subsurface, or life or its biosignatures in the plume, surface, or subsurface of ice moons such as Enceladus or Europa.
Polyphenols are natural compounds with strong antioxidant properties synthesized by plants and widely distributed in plant tissues. They compose a broad class of compounds that are commonly employed for multiple applications such as food, pharmaceutical, adhesives, biomedical, agricultural, and industrial purposes. Runoffs from these sources result in the introduction of polyphenols into aquatic environments where they further transform into highly toxic pollutants that can negatively affect aquatic ecosystems and humans. Therefore, the development of extraction and remediation methods for such compounds must be addressed. This study describes the identification and operation of a method to recover polyphenolic compounds from water environments by utilizing membrane-based separation. Composite membranes derived from electrospun cellulose acetate (CA) fibers and diblock copolymer (DiBCP) PEO-b-P4VP were prepared to evaluate the adsorption of polyphenolic compounds from aqueous environments. The highly porous CA fibers were developed using the electrospinning technique, and the fabricated DiBCP/CA membranes were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and tensile testing. Finally, the ability of the composite membranes to adsorb the soluble polyphenolic compounds catechol (CAT) and gallic acid (GA), from a wetland environment, was studied via batch adsorption experiments and by solid-phase extraction (SPE). Results revealed a successful recovery of both polyphenols, at concentrations within the parts per million (ppm) range, from the aqueous media. This suggests a novel approach to recover these compounds to prevent their transformation into toxic pollutants upon entrance to water environments.
<div> <p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p class="Sectiontext">The study of meteoritic organics in carbonaceous chondrites has shown how these extraterrestrial materials record valuable information about the formation of the Solar System and their potential as sources of starting materials for prebiotic organic synthesis [1]. In this study, a method for the analysis and quantification of aliphatic amides, a class of compounds that may have been precursors for other meteoritic organics, has been optimized and tested.</p> <p><strong>1. Introduction</strong></p> <p class="Sectiontext">Carbonaceous chondrites are a siliceous class of meteorites that constitute some of the most primitive extraterrestrial materials. As such, they represent a great tool to study the prebiotic chemistry of our Solar System. The chemical composition of some carbonaceous chondrites has revealed a few percents of soluble and insoluble organics including aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons, carboxylic acids, and amino acids among other compounds, suggesting that they could have served as vehicles for the delivery of prebiotic molecules to the early Earth [1].</p> <p class="Sectiontext">Recent studies have identified aliphatic amides such as formamide as potential precursors of meteoritic and complex organics [2,3,4]. However, to date, the identification of aliphatic amides has not been reported in meteorites. Here, we present the results of our method development for the identification and quantification of meteoritic aliphatic amides.</p> <p><strong>2. Derivatization Testing</strong></p> <p>Silylation derivatization of amides increases their thermal stability and facilitates their analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-QqQMS). We tested the silylation of eleven aliphatic amides and urea (Figure 1) using <em>N</em>-methyl-trimethylsilyl trifluoroacetamide (MSTFA). We also tested other three silylation reagents: <em>N</em>,<em>N</em>-diethyltrimethylsilylamine (TMSDEA), <em>N</em>,<em>O</em>-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA + TMCS, 99:1), and <em>N</em>-<em>tert</em>-butyldimethylsilyl-<em>N</em>-methyltrifluoroacet-amide (MTBSTFA), at different temperatures, reaction times, solvents, volume of solvents, and catalytic conditions (using acids or bases; <em>e.g.</em>, hydrochloric acid, boron trifluoride, pyridine, triethylamine, trimethylamine, etc.). The derivatization of the aliphatic amides with MSTFA resulted in the highest yields, the shortest derivatization times, and the best derivative stability.</p> <p>To evaluate the effects of likely meteoritic minerals on extraction and derivatization of the amides, pyrolyzed Allende meteorite powder was impregnated with amide standards and taken through our optimized method. No decomposition of the amides and no significant byproduct formation was observed due to the influence of minerals (Figure 1).</p> <p><strong>3. Meteorite Results</strong></p> <p>We extracted 200 mg of the Murchison meteorite in anhydrous dichloromethane/acetonitrile and evaluated for aliphatic amides after MSTFA derivatization. From our analysis (Figure 1), we observed a tentative detection of meteoritic acetamide, however, this detection may be a byproduct of the extraction and silylation derivatization. It is possible that no acetamide is present in Murchison (or present below our detection limits), as we believe that at least a portion of the acetamide we found in our Murchison meteorite sample may have resulted from the partial hydrolysis of the acetonitrile either during meteorite extraction or during extract derivatization.</p> <p>Additional studies to understand the effects of water during extraction and derivatization of aliphatic amides are needed. Future experiments may involve the use of Allende pyrolyzed powder impregnated with trace amounts of water in the absence and presence of aliphatic amide standards. Additionally, to absorb water in the medium during extraction and derivatization, we may test (i) molecular sieves or celite, and (ii) drying agents such as anhydrous salts.</p> <p><img src="data:image/jpeg;base64, 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skBDLIwIQ5x5ysOS7XZLvcLaWVL7dbOwQR6arJeTLCjtqK/pozBnpVtIOkE0BH/t97ebr7i3XNFrtN1FE+1bHe7pIZA1GhsY/FkjXSD+o47UrRa8SBno2vsX9ADr3v3Xuve/de6IN8atsbW/2a35t7zxW5Oyspuhd67F2duyi3nmdq53b6Rw7EwG5dv0+yWp9oY/d22NtbdpMxNT02HfLVGMjnqKqsWAVdZUTSA/l3m1OYN8512RbIxNs17HbltVfF8S2huNdKDSB4uima6a1zQSVzp7b3PJvKXtdzXNuImi5m22e7RAmnwBBeT2mgtU6y3g+JWgpq00xUn59jDqNeve/de697917r3v3Xuve/de697917r3v3XuiO/KfYvQec7h+JOd7U68r92b1re1pti9f5zHbjymBgwTnGt2sI91UOOrqSn3htYbv6pwtauMq0mpxlaKjqtGqnFglzHzba8t7nyhtlxAzybxuBtUINAjCCafUfUfpaaerA+XUi8ke3V9zvsfuTvlpfxwxct7MNwkVlJMyG7trXw0IwrD6jxNTY0xkcSOjxexb1HXSa3jvDbmwNsZreW7smmG21t6ifIZnKSU9XVJRUaMiNM1PQU9VWTAM4Fo43bn6e/de6BiP5dfGaTYHXvai917CXrvtjLyYLrjd0uYSHD7wycE9bTVMOGmmjjaeGilx0/3E5VYKdYy8jqvq9+690Ywc8jkH6Ee/de697917r3v3Xuve/de697917r3v3Xuq3f5qlW1J8U1KGzS90dFrb8kQdl4GtNh9SQKW/8AsPcB/eTuBbe2UrE5O52H8rqNv+fesyPuKW/1HvyK8F5c3s/71t06f8/9WMUJ1UVG3+qpac/7eFD7neDMEJ/oj/B1h9cilzcD0dv8J6le3emOve/de697917r3v3Xuve/de697917r3v3Xuve/de697917otna3xB+OPeA3Kva3V2G3mN357A7lz/APEqvMRNW5jbuzM31zRVCSUORpJKSGs693Nk8FkIISkGTw+RqqOrSaColR/de6Lx8daiL/Z+vnXQQKkcFFtT41wQwxgLHDHTbc3hBHEijhUijAAA+g94/wDIUwl99vfAVytps6/sS7b/AJ/6y+927UQ/dQ+6xKBl7zmI/tuLT/N1Y17yA6xB697917r3v3Xuve/de697917r3v3Xuve/de697917pObsocPW4GtkzeIxmbpcSItw09FlqKnrqRMpt2ZM1iK9IamOVI6zG5OhinglUCSGaNXQhlBDFzKYLa4nAqURm/YCelVjbi7vbO1JIEsqJUce5gP8vRXfg1SbCzPQGze29q9W9Y9Z7k7hxUG7d/jrPZeE2dRbg3D91XQNkclHiaWCbI1QGoiSpeaQF29XJ9gj2t5pvudfbzlHmvc4403G+so5ZRGCEDsO4KCSQoPAEk/PqTvfPkXbfbT3b575E2aSZtq2y+aGIykNIUCqQXYBQTniAPs6OL7H3UT9e9+691//09/j37r3XvfuvdVL/FX/ALerfzSv/DM+E/8AvHXu/ef9t7917pe/zJ8sMdifiZFr0NU/MrpKZRe2v7DK1VQwPFiAv9fp7xt+8huCWVp7Twtxn5y2wD7UlMv+BDx/w06zO+5pt311/wC/jlaiP253ofZriVerK/eSXWGPXvfuvde9+691W78MslJXfJ3+YojtcJ3ts4r9P0U/XGHxif7ZMfp/2HuBPaq8+p9xffRNVdG7W/8AK1RP+fB1mP8AeNsltfZH7n7BaE8rXlf9tuM0v/WWv59WRe576w4697917r3v3Xuve/de6KV3J8xetOmu/vjp8b8nS5LP9i/Ijc2Qw9HT4irwsNJ19gKXau8s/j9573bJZGjqYcRubM7OlwmKhpIqmrrsjI2iPw09TLF7r3Rtffuvde9+691XX83ci9H3R/L7hVyoqflLAGA/IOzc1Rm44v6a4j/kL3AnvHIU5s9i6HjzOv8AO2mX/n7rL77s9otx7b/e2kK10ciN/wBptu//AD5X8urFPc99Yg9JTfe38nuzZO79rYXcdZtDL7k2zncDjN14+njq6/bVdl8ZU0FLnqGlllgjnrMTNULPErOgLxjkfX37r3Vc3bPw52r3DW9bfG+l7fxOx9v/AB22d19uDrvZm2ttpX72xe31xOY2Flt2Ziqra+CgTJ1kuLQYSqK1VPBU/etXUeQWWNYyxN52uTd59gS+jO8xW6TvDXvWGR3RJCPJWeN1U+ZVvQ9HcnLe+xcu23Nsm2Sjlua8e1S4I/Ta4jjSWSIHiXWORGOMBh1aGosALlrADU1rmw+psALn/WHsz6JOu/fuvde9+691737r3Xvfuvde9+691Vn/ADeq40nxYwUYBLVXdvWNrEiwx1Xks1IxsRwkWNY/4W94tfe+3BNt9pop3NF/e9pn00s7/wDPvWc393zbCf303NjwTlrcv+qixwj+cg6s+xZ1YzHN/WhpD/t6eM+8n7b/AHHg/wBIv+AdYRXopeXY/wCGt/x49Ew2n/MW+IG5dmZvsDK9wYHrbauH7o3t0NT5LtqWPrkbm37sXFZjctYNnRbjlpJdz4DcGy9v1mfwtfSh4MvgaeSvpi9MrSB7pN0tV+a/xgqEo8li+5uvM1tCTD9l5zM9hYre+0KjY+08f1Nj9p5beE+582+dhNBFTYzeuPqEljimhMFRHI7oksDS+691C6u+cvxa7eipJdodwbOdcz2Xvvqjav8AEM9h6Q7z3X1zn6bam6E2rpyE4ydDSboq48YJCY2/ibfZsi1VoffuvdL7sT5O9AdUZ3L7U3/2xsrbu8MJsrI9h5DZ1VmqR91ptDG47PZaXLRbfheTJzLVY7a2TlpY1jMtWmPqTCsgglKe690HmB+efw+z2zabfY+QnWWD29J1MneVdNundGM2zUYDq0YTG7jrt27kpsxUUr4LH4XBZilrK/7jQ1FSzxzTBInRz7r3ULsD5/fELrrryh7LyPevX2cwWbn3FRbVotq7owObz+8sntHc+J2ZufEbUw8eRiqMxlcDurO0WOqYEIaKtq4ID+7NEj+690tMn8xfivh5s1TZPv8A6qo6nbu88L13mKWXeGJ+5o98bkyGZw+3tr/brO01RmM5mtuZChpIolc1FfQ1FMmqeGSNfde6QdN/MI+H1Xv/ALB69p+8tiy13V+3Nn7h3pnodwYmfauKl3zvXsTYGA20uZp62UVe7JtxdV5tJKGKN3SKjd7kK+n3XujgYrK4zO4vG5vC5Ciy2GzFBR5TE5XG1MNbjsnjMhTx1dDkKCsp3kp6uirKWZJIpUZkkRgykgg+/de6n+/de6q1+LuQaq/mM/zCYSeKfFdE0yj/AApMFmDf6Xves94w+19xJJ94X7w8TntX91hfsFrX/jzN+3rOL3vtFg+5/wDdHlAy02+N/vVxH/0B1aV7ye6wd697917r3v3Xuve/de697917r3v3Xuve/de697917pObxfx7R3TJ/qNuZx/6fpxlUfr/ALD2i3LG3X//ADQf/jp6N9gXVvuyr63cI/6qL0Tn+WnVit+D/wAf5h/Z2pVwH/Xp89loD/1r9w993GXxfZXkI1+G0K/7xI6/5OsjPvpW/wBN9533bj/6SCN/vUETf5ej0+5u6xc697917r//1N/j37r3XvfuvdVLfFE+T+aj/NRlHHh2v8KKQg8lmXrXetTrH+06akC31uPfuvdcv5qs0qQ/DqOEm6fKnZWRkXi3ixkUs7uf+Cah/sT7xN+9XMkEHsw7nP8AXKxp9p1gf4es9fuKrH433hzIPi5EvYx9shAA/Oh6tn95ZdYFde9+691737r3VUvwFrzWfKH+YwDf/md+FcEnkiCPcuKuPzYHGEf7D3it7DXwu/dH7xUeqpj3qIfZTx0/586zu+9Zai39kPueEcf6szD9ptpf+slfz6ta95U9YI9e9+691737r3XvfuvdEs7+yHVEPyT+IG3t69S7E3nu3cu8N8ZXZG+89h6Kq3V15ndkbGy0+Pym2Mi9M1XTzSx7iqadx5BGkdS7KusgiO+aOfYuW+dvbvlB7YO+/S3aBqmqfTQeNUD0PAk+oHE9S/yR7Xf1v9tfd7n4XzxvyxBYSCMKCsv1d14DBjxGlQWWnE8cdHT9yJ1EHXvfuvdVcfPuv+3+Qn8uamvYH5LrUtb68Y+hpl/5OqPeOnvZOsfOvsRGTn+sat/1TYf5es3/ALqdqZfab74M1P8AnSiv/VUt/wA+9Wj+8i+sIOve/de6pl+KGYz9Z/NH+bM+STMPh8jgabFYCsyIrnx81NtKu2xS1NHhJ6nVTNT4+rrn8sVOdMMsx1AM5viZ7Z3V/L95H3jkuVl+imgiSFnDaCtvoDrGTghHclguFZ8gFs9F/ffb9stvuQfdphszbi/gunlnSPQJA12ly6PMq9waREGhpBV1QaSQuLmveWfXOjr3v3Xuve/de697917r3v3Xuve/de6ql/m7L9z0DsPH/XzdnZDIlR/TAdP9q5sOfx+29EpH9Db3iP8AfMKS+1tnZMe6W8nI+2HbNwn/AJeHWvr1nX9wAmH3Z5ku6YXZ44/+c+7bZDT8w5H2dWSZjCVm6eusntzHZ6v2tX7i2bVYai3Li4aWoye36rLYV6KDNY6Cujnopa7GSTiaFZkeMyINQIuDljbf7jW/+kX/AADrB+/FL+9H/Dn/AOPHqrvAfyb+idm7k66yOze2O+MdtPralwFVidgbm3zP2biavem3/jL8g/iem+ancXZMe6d80+SyXVfyAkjqaOnycOOWp25i3gggH3y1j/STpXS/ypepJXysydl9kUlVXYeCjoKuji2kk2BzeK65+NexNr7mx0U+36mgqK7bdd8XcDl46asgqqGpqqiqhqIZaV1iX3XuoWG/lO9UJv8A2R2hv7sXdHcG9dsdnb27QzWS7H2T1VkqLcuY3d2zt3u3GLTYLF7NxOD2nWbC3/tWhmwmQx1PFXU8NNGZZJaxFrB7r3Q39x/AzYPc/wAiMF8h8xvfeW3Mzi9lVWxsrhNoUu1cGd04WbbXYO2IMXuHddNgBuzMbbhpeya+pbFVtVVUYrooJYVgtMk/uvdFozH8oPZm6lKb0+SHdW74x01lOlaenzOO64FJjNvZrqXbXUGSnwdJQ7RpKfCJPh9oUeQ+yp1ShbKzVk8kUn3IWL3XuhQ7I/lnbM35md95vGdy9l7Gm7PzO/5ewKTBYrr7JUG49ob+3ztDsWq2Q0W5dp5mbD0WM3NtBfDW0ElLXvSV1TFJIzimmp/de6a9kfyt9hbR+QmV+ROT7q7a33ufJ762hvIYzeMey6ylgp9jbg+Rue23t+TL0O2aDcWQoaBfkpk6NHqaqV4aTFY5YBC0dQ1R7r3SSf8AlGddPj92Yifu3sjL4jI7F6v6x2HiNybU6lzdB1jsTqDfvcO+9lYvCSnYtJmctmKKfurJUr5itrJMq0NHRsJ1YVZq/de6s/652VS9bdfbG68os1uLclHsTaG3Nn0m4d35V85uvOU228PR4eDL7lzUkcUmWz2RioxNV1JVTNO7PYXt7917pZ+/de6qU+IrySfzG/5htQ3+bqH62giP+q/hWNjpXI/4K81v8P8AesUfam5SX7yP3h4VPcE24n/nDpH+DrPb390D7nn3SIQO+M7kT/zdl1j+Q6tr95XdYE9e9+691737r3Xvfuvde9+691737r3Xvfuvde9+690i+yJ/teu9+1PA+32Xume5+l4sHXP/ANE+yze5PC2bdpP4baU/sRuhFyhH43NnK8P8e42w/bMg6JT/ACrJ/uPgd0K976MXuiAm9+abe246c/7zF7hD7rdwt17G8mSLwDXif84765T/AJ96yW+/VH4X3qPdUU+Ke2b/AHqyt2/y9WFe8gusR+ve/de6/9Xf49+691737r3VSvxLH/Y03+awb/8ALl+FQt/5SrdXv3XulB/MnpEyVZ0BCwDf3f3HunepGm5jTBxbcpWn/wABH/E/r/U+8bfvA2UO53Xt5bSRhmtr97xa8QYFRSw+wS0r8+s4PubzGyt/decNT6qztrP7TP8AUtp/Pwv5dWle8kusH+ve/de697917qo7+Xk5f5J/PKc/8vTsl8kp/wBUtP3B8gNvqwP5GjBKP6ce8PPu4iUe6P3hJXA0z7n4g+endd8gB/3iFB+XWfP3tiD7NfdZhH/EfZvC/btOwz/4Zifz6tx95h9YDde9+691737r3XvfuvdVafLrM/bfPv8Alw4wtZJcz3ZO3P8AaqdrYeihFv6s17f7H3i/7rsP+CB+7fU/A+74/wCaltCoP/Gf59Zxfd/sPF+6l98e7p3C22VR/tbuVz/KnVpfvKDrB3r3v3Xuqmf5hKNN8i/gM68DEd0UmYc3tpRt07Gw5a/0t/uUsb/194qe/ssi+5HsEiNSNN4Mjf6UNDEP+Nyr1nn90whPZ/71KUzccvGIfOlrfTU/6pV/Lq2b3lX1gZ1737r3VU/xxqnl+VjVRJK5XIfNuG5+rHCd5dcY0An86PtiB/h7xJ9udykvPdywKk+C/wDW9TXza23rb4B+Xa1PlTrOz3htxH7E+DTugh5LP2eNsm4yfz1dWse8tusE+ve/de697917r3v3Xuve/de697917qrf+aZTGv6x2TSD6U8Xeecbi9hhfjl2nJf6H+1UAX/F/wDbYm/e1tJb7lXly2iFaNu0h+xOX91A/wCNMOs4PuOTiz515muT+I7JD/zm5h2sf8+9WX7cfybewMn+rw2Lf/kqhgb/AIn3lTZGtnaH1iX/AI6OsL93XRuu5p6XEg/Y7dPPtT0X9e9+691737r3Xvfuvde9+691737r3Xvfuvde9+691737r3XvfuvdVVfEqBR85fmLklAtmqqubUBYucJuekxDaj/bMbR2F/p7xU9pbVY/fj3t3ELm6ZKn18Bli/lTHpn1PWdPv5J/4DF93izr/uOiY9PGtTL/ADrX59Wq+8q+sFuve/de697917r3v3Xuve/de697917rFPPHTQTVMxKw08Uk8rKjyMscSNI5WOJXkkIVTZVBY/QAn37r3RHupP5gvR3dOb6k2/s/C9t02Q7n3r8htk7U/vR1buratLj63407s3PszflTu6szlFRU+05Mrmtq1Bw2NrWizWRpb1C0Sww1Lw+690Znuqf7bp3tWovbwdc71lv/AECbcyTE/wCwA9h3m+XweVOZZq/BYTn9kTHoa+28P1HuHyJBSuveLMftuIx0TP8AlPMT8D+mImBVqafsKlYH6gwdk7sS3+wAt7hH7pRDewnJhU4Mt+f963G6b/L1kX9/HS33pfciVD2SLYMPz2616sZ95IdYf9e9+691/9bf49+691737r3VSvxM/wC3pv8ANY/7Uvwq/wDfU7q9+690pf5gdSrblwlMTcYf4z/JLeUiry6JhNwdJUYm4BICfxRv9594xe/N++273Ybg7f4lZ8pb/cvgkgxSbVpNBnCtJgCp8us3fun29dl3NiP9yedeXLQfPxod5Yj/AKpj+XVnOPnFVQUNSDcVFHTTg/1EsKSA/wCx1e8l7d/Eggf+JAf2jrCq6jMN1cwnikjD9hI6me3uk/XvfuvdVMfAKmak74+QdXa0e78LlNyQn/jp4/lj8sIme/50w10X/IJHvEj7vjn+vnuMzRlTcxSzfaBzHzIgNfPt0n7GHr1nn96xxN7X+08AObC5itz8q8rcrN/Nkb8werZ/eW/WBnXvfuvde9+690RT579r9u9R9dbDzPScnYEu+Mr2htTD0eC2P1HU9p027qWeuiky21t0S0+2Nxx7MxuRwMdY9LXVEuCpanJQ09HLmsUtR90vuvdA58tKBKn5n/FXcTpd9hVe0pYZLi1O/Ye/6jabs/8ATzx0XjW31Y/4e8XPdrb0l95vaTf31BttkRVNSADfXH05qOBqFAFa0PDrOT2Eumi+7j76bQD27ol0CP4voLAXQp/pS+o/Lq073lH1g31Xz8JNw/IvLbx+S9B3pld+7qxVH2VU1+wtx7u6+n6sw+Cx+Uz27yeq9nbWr8ZHV5/E7A2/S4otueDIZPH5375XieKSKaJfde6C757QGfvH441ieo7YFDuOUfXxxt3/APH/AA/lt+AP4iefeKX3gLaZ+dfbG/iUlbSVGb5eJvGzR1/YzflXrOr7q0yw+2fvFbtg3uuAfMjYd/lp/wAYHVq/vK3rBXr3v3Xuql/jMWPeXVObZWWPcm4/5kcUUh5EppPk3gDTAH/a6OhLr/tI/wBtiZ7a2TL7hcrbpEtbWWTnUFhw1yb/AGzgfaRG/Afh+zrPT3oZf9bHnnawf1LOz9vCR6V5buA37HkAPzPVtHvLPrAvr3v3Xuve/de697917r3v3Xuve/de6rd/mIUKZnb+3sPw0p6n+WGVWP6krSdDZ7Hl7fiz5dRc8c+8e/vA2a3+yRxUq0e171JT/qVzx1/6qU/PrMT7o91+7923e9bCNvvK8Vfm++W8lP2RE/l0fjYlSKzY+zasHUKrau3qkH63E+Io5Qb/AOOr3OWzS+PtG1TDg9tE37UU9Ysc0QfTczcxW1P7O+uF/wB5lcf5OlV7MuiLr3v3Xuve/de697917r3v3Xuve/de697917r3v3Xuve/de697917qrv4lqrfKLuPKgW/j8/yA0n/V/wB1/kL/AHdcg/RtDxWNvoeP9fGX2gIn9wOddxCkCe63dM+f027vbn8qpj5dZve/hK+yHtzYn/iKmxfl9TsAuB+0GvVonvJrrCHr3v3Xuve/de697917r3v3Xuve/de697917oinWm3Pj7SfIvc3SG1dk5nG7r6Czm5Pk7R5uo3RmK/Gzb5+W24Ozst2TVQU1Tk6ieR6jJ57ITtSzhqKjXJRJSRxJEioErHm6zvuct+5MSEi9sLS3nZ9QIZbgyCgUZBTwxUk51inDMm7x7Ybts3tVyX7rz3kbbRvW531lHEFYSRvYrbszux7SsvjkIFyDE9fLoffkvVig+Ove1cTpFH1B2NUlv8AUiHaWWkJ/H0C+0nubcrZ+3HP145osWzXrk+gW3kJP8utey9ubr3f9rbYCpk5h29f23cQ6Lt/LXxT4D4tYnbkq+OTb/Y/b+LaL/jkF7H3FVRpx+DDVKR/gfccfdmtX2/2ostsePQ1rue5xU9At/cFfyKkEfIjqW/vkXibn74X+7xtqS72fapa+tdvt1P81I/Lo+/uf+sWOve/de6//9ff49+691737r3VGHTuH75yf813+ZvU9Qb2652rjcVhvhXV53Fb02bmNyVG7Kn/AEablT+Evlcdn8V/d3D/AMNMjCangnqxV6CbxakYH8zWfPF1dbXLynve32lpES06XFs85n7l/TDpNF4KaNfeFd/EKGmhWV5J5H3H2pstv3iD3B5Y3i+3Kc6YJbO8it1tU0E+L4UkEv1E3i6Rod0i8LUMSFXWwbJ/HnfHbG8tzbi70yWxGxGX6I3v0dQ4Xr2LcSTQ4/sXL4jJbnzdRkNwMHjqxHt6iSmSJP22iLMzXAAR3P26v+b963LcOc7i1bbptgutrENuJfgvZI3uJGZyO4iCFYwqgrRyWOqij+w93OWuQ+XNl2j2ystzG5W/NNnvTzXxtyC+3xSx20KxwDK1nmaQs3cGChRQkvG3tr/MPa2KodvjfXQm8aPD0lPjKDO5rZ2+dvZvIUVFGlPSVOZosTuLJ4z+KSU8a+dqcxwyS3ZEjBCAx2rbPdbbLaOyut/2W9SIBEka2uIZGRQAplVJ5EMhA7ygRC1SqKO0IN43v7vO+X1zuw5V5q264uJGkeCG8sp4Y3clmWF5baOTwgxOgSanVaBncgsVLp+W/wDx2+On/nP2V/8AVHHs6p7hfxbNX7Lnoh1exH+++bf962//AKB6yt/s2GhQp+PIkFtTsOyWRuObRjQy3P8AtRt7sf6/0AA2cN61uf8ABQf4eqD/AFjAxLf1sK+n+68H9ua/sHQKbN+MfbvVEXX+5Ott+detv/GbLz2zuyod17Yz9TtHd6Z3emQ3+uSwZxmaps1gKrEbgy9WsIlNUstNUMrgOA4AGz+2vNPK45f3DlzfNuXe47WWC+8a3laG5Es8l1qh0zrJAUuJZCuszAxuytVqOJO5j96+QOfH5t2bnLlbd/6qz7lBd7cbW5gW6tDBZx2Hhz+LA8M6zW8MRcr4RWSMFe0lehlRPlwFAef46O3N3Wm7KjB54Oj7l7cf4n2PFX3EAAaTZi32XI/ynqNnb2GLEpFzcF9C23n+ekf4OsFTD8vpY9NNX/HKkk1qfK+O7KqxoH1TxGvpgC39dXH9D7ZuI/cp46W1zskclRlkuXFPMUDJx8jXHoenbeT2Bjk1XNpzfJHQ4Em3oa+Rr4b8PSmfXpurMT8za+nejg3n8d9vyVLRxHN0uzd/Z2qxkJkTz1NJiK7cmOoq+qSEN40mnjj1kFrgEEvu7P3bngeG13zYbediB4n0tzNoFRqIjNxGGbTULVwoahIYAqTC33D7uVrMtxLy1zfdqgJ8FrywhWQ0OlXlS1kdELU1FEZqV00OQid6dF/I3uTF4PaXZ/c23dpbcwLT5mXOdG0O7tm7y3PvHGQf783J5KavztdSYnb2GzGnJVWJiepiyE0MdPLIafyJIT7zyX7g82Wu27Zv/OcFpZwK7vLt0UkM89wFK28h8V5Uiiic+O0A8TxJEiVpPDV0kEnLfuh7Qe3V9uu/8ke3N3f7xdhYVg3p7S8tLa0kP+ORRhIEeW4mirbxXTLG9ujvLGgm0MiWz3xd7y7Bqc/u3sLtDrxux6LGdJwdfZXbGz89S7dpsv012RU9lrldz4fI5+pq3g3jkpRS1lNR1CeCmZ/FIW0kE26e2XPHMa7lfb/zTtrb6se2NZtHayiCO4228a9E00ZuPEdLiTQskSSrpRTpkq1Qd7V73e1/KUW07DyjyRvA5Olm3k38VzeQNcPDu+3rt3hW0sduqBrOMGWGWWM65NOtAtR0Onj+XYiK/dfHIzaGAm+z7LC6yCFfw/dnhTY6dfP0v+fcihfcbw6GXZfFpx03NK+tK8PlX8+otL+wni6hBzd4Wrhr2+tPSujjTzp+XqHO1unPlX1wZ6nbXfG1uwKndccWa3vR9ubf3Lkcdit7y1DTZafrNsJnoKnbeya2mdaeDDz/AHC0YhWVJWd5QwQ2vk/3P5ekeXbee7W9N2BLdLfQzyql0WGtrIpcKbe1ZAUW2bxBGQsgcsZBINN89xPYnnERQ717WX20w2BMNk+1XFtHJLZBQIl3Lxrdlub1GBke8TwzMXZGQKsZVs3l8be2+4czujcXZu8OusHlj1dHsbYD7Ewe466nwO4Yt+bc7Ci3TmY9w5KB8lBFmdn4+P7SFoS0KygygspXe9cgc1803u6X287zt8M37sEFoIoZZBDcrcx3IuJRJIviqJIYaRL4Zor1k7l0q+W/ePkH2923Y9o5M5d3e6shvhvL/wCtnt0ae3axuLBrWEwRN4bGG7uD4rh6OUISikEVaWD5fQ08cdVX/HKuqERVkqkx3ZNCs0iqoaUUq19WIRIwJ0iRtN7XNrkVW0fuUkEaXVzsklwANTKlygJpkhdT0BOaajThU8egHcy+wMkzva2nN8UJJopk29yB5DV4aVpwrpFaVp1Pb/ZrtFl/2XpZOPWx7IZD9NR8YCEX/HqNv8fao/1+pQDZ9XrW4/wUH+HpIP8AWN1VJ5sK+n+68H9uf8HQP4L4zdmbG2v0RV7N3jsabsjqjOdq5jcc+fwud/ufuxO5a3LZveFHRxY/ILmsSINw1dNUUru850U5RwS+pQJs/tpzBy9tPI42vebNt92y5vprgvFIILg7i8s9yqKJGkiH1Egkjq0hCroNa6hI26+9HJfM++e6cHMPLu5rydv1rtkNusE0H1dqdoSKG0dy8fgy6rdJI5VATMgZTRdJGFf9msCgMvx7Zreoq/Y6An8kKUcqP8Ln2PAefqCq7QT9twP+feo4I9jqnSeawPs28/5R/g67v8q/9R8fP+pvY/8A1597rz7/AAbR/vVx/wBA9ap7Ifxc1/ssP8/Xr/Ky59Px8txYa+x7/wCNz4+f9t71Xn3+DaP23H/QPW6ex9Pi5rr9lh/n67v8qv8AUfH3/qb2N/1597rz7/BtH+9XH/QPWqeyH8XNf7LD/P1xv8rfT6fj3/tXr7IGo240/tnTz/r+9V5+x27P+24/zf5+t/8AMDs55r+WNv8A8+f5dcW/2a8q4T/ZekYj0MT2Q4Q2+rIAnk5/F196b+vxBCjZw3lm5NP5Cv8ALra/6xoKlv61lfMf7rxX880/YekLl+kO0+0t70Ge7gzXXdLtzFdYdqdfwYTYVJuSeqrqntKiwmIrsrWVe4ZIo4I8ZicbMkcUasZHnuWAXkNbjyVzDzNv1ruHMm4WibRHtV/ZtBAsh8Rr3wF8VnkoV8KOKRVVa6vFJJ7R0Ktu9zOSOR+WLvavb/bd2k3mffNsvzNetbqiLtjTypEiQAljLLKhZmICqlACTibsnavy22RtTbe0P7w9AbmptrYTE7dpc1XYfsLDZLKUWFoocdS11fSUmSyNJT19XTUyvMI3eMSltPFgFXL+1+5Wy7Rtm03W5bNdNbQJF4giuYS4jUKGKeJLpZgAWAYitaY6Tc0b77C8zb9vPMEe0c12Ut9cy3DQrNYTRxPM5kZI3aKNmjVmIQsAxUCuelhf5V/6j4+f9Tex/wDryPZ7Xn3+DaP96uP+geg5T2Q/i5r/AGWH+fqH4/lx9zJKKr46/asqCOkNJ2SZImX/ADjtWCoXy+Q/QeJdP9T7TaPcbx5HM2y/TkCi6bnUD51eua+Q0CnqelWv2E+njT6fm76kE1fXt+kjyATTinmdZr6DqXf5Wc+j49kX4Hk7HFhxwT4
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